Candida guilliermondii Peritonitis During Peritoneal Dialysis. Case Report and Literature Review

Antonio Mastroianni, Valeria Vangeli, Maria Vittoria Mauro, Francesca Greco, Filippo Urso, Roberto Manfredi, Sonia Greco

Peritonitis is the most frequent complication of peritoneal dialysis (PD) and 3–6% of episodes have fungal origin. Candida guilliermondii is an uncommon species of Candida with invasive behavior in patients affected by severe underlying disorders or using indwelling vascular devices.

Here we report the case of an 84-year-old woman undergoing outpatient PD for 4 years who had fever, chills, and diffuse increasing abdominal pain. After empiric antimicrobial therapy, based on teicoplanin in the dialytic circuit plus oral ciprofloxacin plus fluconazole, the patient was hospitalized. Afterwards, the culture from the peritoneal fluid showed the presence of C. guilliermondii.

PD-related fungal peritonitis is an infrequent event, but the morbidity and mortality rates are significant. In this scenario, appropriate prevention strategies including antifungal prophylaxis during antibiotic treated bacterial peritonitis should be evaluated.

Candida guilliermondii; Nephrology; Peritoneal Dialysis; Peritonitis