We identified 34 eligible RCTs from 33 reports (Figure 1). The included studies (n=34) assessed the efficacy of IL-17 inhibitors (10) [7], [8], [9], [10], [11], [12], [13], [14], [15], TNF inhibitors (7) [16], [17], [18], [19], [20], [21], [22], IL-23 inhibitors (5) [23], [24], [25], [26], [27], apremilast (5) [28], [29], [30], [31], [32], JAK inhibitors (4) [33], [34], [35], [36], IL-12/23 inhibitors (2) [37,38], and abatacept (1) [39] (Supplementary Table S2).

All studies were initiated