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• Overton ET, Stapleton J, Frank I, Hassler S, Goepfert PA, Barker D, et al. Safety and immunogenicity of modified vaccinia Ankara-Bavarian Nordic smallpox vaccine in vaccinia-naive and experienced human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals: an open-label, controlled clinical phase II trial. Open Forum Infect Dis. 2015;2(2):ofv040. Published 2015 May 5. doi:https://doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofv040 [cited 2022 Oct 10]; Available from: https://academic.oup.com/ofid/article-abstract/2/2/ofv040/1411319. This was a clinical phase 2 trial that showed comparable safety and immunogenicity profile of the 2-dose Modified Vaccinia Ankara-Bavarian Nordic Smallpox vaccine series in people living with HIV versus HIV uninfected comparators. Notably, this trial excluded any people living with HIV with a CD4 cell count <200 cells/mm3, and the vast majority of trial participants were virally suppressed on antiretroviral therapy.
Greenberg RN, Turner Overton E, Haas DW, Frank I, Goldman M, von Krempelhuber A, et al. Safety, immunogenicity, and surrogate markers of clinical efficacy for modified vaccinia Ankara as a smallpox vaccine in HIV-infected subjects. J Infect Dis; Mar 1 2013.
Walsh SR, Wilck MB, Dominguez DJ, Zablowsky E, Bajimaya S, Gagne LS, et al. Safety and immunogenicity of modified vaccinia Ankara in hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients: a randomized, controlled trial. J Infect Dis. 2013;207(12):1888–1897. https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jit105 [cited 2022 Oct 10]; Available from: http://www.niaid.nih.gov/
Pittman PR, Hahn M, Lee HS, Koca C, Samy N, Schmidt D, et al. Phase 3 efficacy trial of modified vaccinia Ankara as a vaccine against smallpox. New England Journal of Medicine. Massachusetts Medical Society; 2019;381:1897–908.
• Payne AB, Ray LC, Kugeler KJ, Fothergill A, White EB, Canning M, et al. Incidence of mpox among unvaccinated persons compared with persons receiving ≥1 JYNNEOS vaccine dose — 32 U.S. Jurisdictions, July 31–September 3, 2022. MMWR. [cited 2022 Oct 10]; Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/poxvirus/mpox/response/2022/vaccines_data.html. This was a MMWR report on JYNNEOS vaccine efficacy that showed decreased mpox incidence among vaccinated individuals. No sub-analysis data are currently available to evaluate effect of underlying immune-compromising condition on disease incidence among those vaccinated.
Frey SE, Wald A, Edupuganti S, Jackson LA, Stapleton JT, el Sahly H, et al. Comparison of lyophilized versus liquid modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA) formulations and subcutaneous versus intradermal routes of administration in healthy vaccinia-naïve subjects. Vaccine Elsevier Ltd. 2015;33:5225–34.
Interim Clinical Considerations for Use of JYNNEOS and ACAM2000 Vaccines during the 2022 U.S. Mpox Outbreak | Mpox | Poxvirus | CDC [Internet]. [cited 2022 Oct 31]. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/poxvirus/mpox/health-departments/vaccine-considerations.html
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SIGA Provides Update on Progress in Clinical Trials to Assess Use of TPOXX ® (tecovirimat) for Treatment of Mpox | SIGA [Internet]. [cited 2022 Oct 31]. Available from: https://investor.siga.com/news-releases/news-release-details/siga-provides-update-progress-clinical-trials-assess-use-tpoxx-r
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