Trinh Ngoc Phat,1,* Vu Huy Luong,1,2 Vu Nguyet Minh,1,2 Le Huyen My,2 Hoang Thi Phuong,2 Nguyen Thi Ha Vinh,1,2 Le Huu Doanh1,2,*

1 Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
2 National Hospital of Dermatology and Venereology, Hanoi, Vietnam

*Shared co-first Authorship

Abstract

Background: Bosentan is effective agent in scleroderma vasculopathy. However, there are no studies evaluating effectiveness of bosentan in Vietnamese patients, where nifedipine is still the common treatment.
Objective: To compare the efficacy of bosentan versus nifedipine in scleroderma vasculopathy in Vietnamese patients.
Methods: We randomly assigned 70 patients in a 2:1 ratio to receive oral bosentan or oral nifedipine for 16 weeks, respectively. The primary outcomes were the change in Raynaud’s Condition Score (RCS), appearance of new digital ulcers (DUs) and change in World Health Organization (WHO) functional class. Secondary outcomes were the change in the nailfold capillaries disease stage and systolic pulmonary arterial pressure (sPAP) value.
Results: At week 16, patients in bosentan group had no RCS imprvement, the mean difference was 0.8 ± 0.2 (95% CI, 0.4 to 1.1, p < 0.001) and improved WHO functional class, a mean treatment effect of 35.6% in favor of bosentan (95% CI, 13.4 to 57.7%, p < 0.05). Bosentan treatment was associated with a 58% reduction in the number of new DUs compared with nifedipine (mean ± standard error: 0.22 ± 0.42 vs 0.52 ± 0.59 new DUs, p < 0.05). sPAP was decreased by 4.1 ± 3.8 mmHg (95% CI, 3.0 to 5.3, p < 0.001) in bosentan group, versus 1.0 ± 2.9 mmHg (95% CI, -0.2 to 2.1, p > 0.05) in nifedipine group. Headache was the most common adverse event in both groups.
Conclusions: Bosentan significantly limited the occurrence of new DUs, reduced symptoms of pulmonary arterial hypertension and sPAP value and all were better than nifedipine.
Key words: bosentan, vasculopathy, Raynaud, digital ulcers, pulmonary arterial hypertension