ALDH

aldehyde dehydrogenase

APTS

aminopropyl-triethoxysilane

AQ2S

anthraquinone-2-sulfonic acid

ATCN-DSCN

thiophene-modified double-shell hollow

BES

bioelectrochemical system

BMIM

1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium

BMP

1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium

CCG

chemically converted graphene

Cc-PAA*

cobaltocene-modified poly(allylamine)

COF

covalent organic framework

CoPi/BiVO4

cobalt phosphate/bismuth vanadate

DA2+

1,1′-diaminoethyl-4,4’bipyridinium salt

EMIM

1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium

FaldDH

formaldehyde dehydrogenase

FTO

fluorine-doped tin oxide

g-C3N4

graphitic carbon nitride

GDH

glutamate dehydrogenase

GelC

catechol groups modified gelatin

GlyDH

glycerol dehydrogenase

GPTMS

(3-glycidyloxypropyl)trimethoxysilane

HFMs

hollow fiber membranes

IDR

internal diffusional restriction

IP

tri-substitution of isatin onto porphyrin

MagNP

magnetic nanoparticles

MAQSP

multi-anthraquinone-substituted porphyrin

MGDs

molybdopterin guanine dinucleotides

MOF

metal–organic framework

MTG

microbial transglutaminase

MV2+

1,1′-dimethyl-4,4′-bipyridinium salt

NAD+

nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (oxidized form)

NADH

nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (reduced form)

NH2-BDC

2-aminoterephthalic acid

NTF2

bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide

PEC

photoelectrochemical cell

PTDH

phosphite dehydrogenase

PTFE

polytetrafluoroethylene

PVDF

poly(1,1-difluoroethylene)

RuP

ruthenium tris-2,2’bipyridine complex

SALI

solvent assisted ligand incorporation

TCPP

5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-carboxyphenyl)porphyrin

TMGH

tetramethylgunidinium

Tris

trihydroxymethyl aminomethane

TTON

total turnover number

ZnTMPyP

zinc tetrakis(4-methylpyridyl) porphyrin

ZnTPyPBr

zinc 5,10,15,20-Tetra(4-pyridyl)-21H,23H-porphine tetrabromide