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aDepartment of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
bDepartment of Bacteriology, Graduate School of Medicinal Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
cDepartment of Advanced Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Medicine, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
dLaboratory of Immunology and Infection Control, Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
eDepartment of Dermatology, Graduate School of Health Medicine, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
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Article / Publication DetailsFirst-Page Preview
Received: November 29, 2021
Accepted: January 16, 2022
Published online: February 18, 2022
Number of Print Pages: 18
Number of Figures: 6
Number of Tables: 1
ISSN: 0012-2823 (Print)
eISSN: 1421-9867 (Online)
For additional information: https://www.karger.com/DIG
AbstractIntroduction: Gut microbiota alterations cause inflammation in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) enables manipulating the microbiota’s composition, but the mechanisms underlying colonization of the posttransplantation microbiota are poorly understood. Methods: In this open-label, nonrandomized study, the FMT efficacy and changes in the gut microbiota were evaluated in 8 UC patients with mild-to-moderately active endoscopic colonic lesions. Compositional changes in the fecal and mucosal microbiotas between donors and recipients were examined via 16S rRNA-based sequencing. To investigate the effects of oral corticosteroids on microbiota colonization, FMT was performed in germ-free prednisolone (PSL)-administered mice to examine the factors determining colonization. Results: Four UC patients achieved clinical remission (CR) after FMT, and 3 also achieved endoscopic remission. The fecal microbiotas of the CR patients changed similar to those of the donors after FMT. The mucin-coding gene, MUC2, was less expressed in the colons of the PSL-dependent patients than in the PSL-free patients. In the mice, PSL treatment decreased the fecal mucin production and altered the posttransplantation fecal microbiota composition. Adding either exogenous mucin or the mucin secretagogue, rebamipide, partially alleviated the PSL-induced dysbiosis of the gut microbiota. Administering rebamipide with FMT from healthy donors relieved inflammation in mice with Enterococcus faecium-induced colitis. Conclusion: Colonic mucin controlled the gut microbiota composition, and oral corticosteroid treatment modified the gut microbiota partly by reducing the colonic mucin.
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Received: November 29, 2021
Accepted: January 16, 2022
Published online: February 18, 2022
Number of Print Pages: 18
Number of Figures: 6
Number of Tables: 1
ISSN: 0012-2823 (Print)
eISSN: 1421-9867 (Online)
For additional information: https://www.karger.com/DIG
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