Iron is an essential element for cell proliferation and homeostasis via engaging in cell metabolism including DNA synthesis, cell cycle, and redox cycling, while iron overload may contribute to tumor initiation, proliferation, metastasis, and angiogenesis. Therefore, manipulating iron metabolisms, such as using iron chelators, transferrin receptor 1 (TFR1) antibodies, and cytotoxic ligands conjugated to transferrin, has become a considera.