Supplementary Table S1. Characteristics of infants included in this study.1

Supplementary Table S2. Summary of parenteral and enteral nutrient intakes in study infants (n = 302) from birth to 36 weeks’ corrected gestational age.

Supplementary Table S3. Characteristics, growth, total nutrient intakes (parenteral + enteral nutrient intakes), and Bayley-III scores of infants without hearing impairment, visual impairment, cerebral palsy, and Bayley-III scores of ≤49 (n = 262).

Supplementary Table S4. Quartiles of energy intakes (kcal/kg/d) in VLBW infants at different time intervals during hospitalization compared with overall growth velocity, change in weight z-scores, cognitive score, language score, and motor score.1

Supplementary Table S5. Quartiles of protein intakes (g/kg/d) in VLBW infants at different time intervals during hospitalization compared with overall growth velocity, change in weight z-scores, cognitive score, language score, and motor score.1

Supplementary Table S6. Quartiles of protein to energy ratio intakes (g/100 kcal) in VLBW infants at different time intervals during hospitalization compared with overall growth velocity, change in weight z-scores, cognitive score, language score, and motor score.1

Supplementary Table S7. Quartiles of lipid intakes (g/kg/d) in VLBW infants at different time intervals during hospitalization compared with overall growth velocity, change in weight z-scores, cognitive score, language score, and motor score.1

Supplementary Table S8. Quartiles of carbohydrate intakes (g/kg/d) in VLBW infants at different time intervals during hospitalization compared with overall growth velocity, change in weight z-scores, cognitive score, language score, and motor score.1

Supplementary Table S9. Comparisons of growth velocity, change in weight z-scores, cognitive scores, language scores, and motor scores among quartiles of nutrient intakes across the entire study period in-hospital in VLBW infants.1,2 Infants with hearing impairment, visual impairment, cerebral palsy, and Bayley-III scores of ≤49 were excluded (n = 262) from the analysis.1

Supplementary Table S10. Interaction terms with nutrient intakes that remained in each growth and neurodevelopment model.