Background/Purpose

Patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) with peritoneal dissemination have a dismal prognosis because discontinuation of systemic chemotherapy is required for massive ascites or poor performance status. The natural history, diagnosis and treatment of PDAC with peritoneal dissemination have not been fully investigated.

Methods

We systematically reviewed published information on the clinical diagnosis and treatment of PDAC with peritoneal dissemination using the PubMed database (2000–2020) and provided recommendations in response to clinical questions. This guideline was created according to the "Minds Clinical Practice Guideline Development Guide 2017". The literature quality and body of evidence were evaluated with the GRADE System and classified into four levels (“strong”, “medium”, “weak”, “very weak”). The strength of each final recommendation was decided by a vote of committee members based on the GRADE Grid method.

Results

These guidelines address 3 subjects: diagnostic, chemotherapeutic, and surgical approaches. They include 9 clinical questions and statements with recommendation strengths, evidence levels, and agreement rates, in addition to one “column”.

Conclusions

This is the English synopsis of the 2021 Japanese clinical practice guideline for PDAC with peritoneal dissemination. It summarizes the clinical evidence for the diagnosis and treatment of PDAC with peritoneal dissemination and provides future perspectives.