1. Conte, MS, Bradbury, AW, Kolh, P, et al. Global vascular guidelines on the management of chronic limb-threatening ischemia. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2019;58(1S):S1-S109.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline2. Abu Dabrh, AM, Steffen, MW, Undavalli, C, et al. The natural history of untreated severe or critical limb ischemia. J Vasc Surg. 2015;62(6):1642-1651.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline3. Rear, R, Bell, RM, Hausenloy, DJ. Contrast-induced nephropathy following angiography and cardiac interventions. Heart. 2016;102(8):638-648.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline4. Gurm, HS, Dixon, SR, Smith, DE, et al. Renal function-based contrast dosing to define safe limits of radiographic contrast media in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary interventions. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2011;58(9):907-914.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline | ISI5. Tepel, M, Aspelin, P, Lameire, N. Contrast-induced nephropathy: a clinical and evidence-based approach. Circulation. 2006;113(14):1799-1806.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline | ISI6. Weisbord, SD, Palevsky, PM. Contrast-associated acute kidney injury. Crit Care Clin. 2015;31(4):725-735.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline7. Arinze, NV, Gregory, A, Francis, JM, Farber, A, Chitalia, VC. Unique aspects of peripheral artery disease in patients with chronic kidney disease. Vasc Med. 2019;24(3):251-260.
Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | ISI8. Giordano, A, Messina, S, Polimeno, M, et al. Peripheral diagnostic and interventional procedures using an automated injection system for carbon dioxide (CO2): case series and learning curve. Hear lung Vessel. 2015;7(1):18-26.
Google Scholar | Medline9. Fujihara, M, Kawasaki, D, Shintani, Y, et al. Endovascular therapy by CO2 angiography to prevent contrast-induced nephropathy in patients with chronic kidney disease: a prospective multicenter trial of CO2 angiography registry. Cathet Cardiovasc Interv. 2015;85(5):870-877.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline | ISI10. Dowling, K, Kan, H, Siskin, G, et al. Safety of limited supplemental iodinated contrast administration in azotemic patients undergoing CO2 angiography. J Endovasc Ther. 2003;10(2):312-316.
Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | ISI11. Mendes, CDA, Martins, ADA, Teivelis, MP, et al. Carbon dioxide contrast medium for endovascular treatment of ilio-femoral occlusive disease. Clinics (Sao Paulo). 2015;70(10):675-679.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline12. Duran, C, Bismuth, J. Advanced imaging in limb salvage. Methodist Debakey Cardiovasc J. 2012;8(4):28-32.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline13. Seeger, JM, Self, S, Harward, TR, Flynn, TC, Hawkins, IF. Carbon dioxide gas as an arterial contrast agent. Ann Surg. 1993;217(6):688-698.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline14. Rolland, Y, Duvauferrier, R, Lucas, A, et al. Lower limb angiography: a prospective study comparing carbon dioxide with iodinated contrast material in 30 patients. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1998;171(2):333-337.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline15. Madhusudhan, K, Sharma, S, Srivastava, DN, et al. Comparison of intra-arterial digital subtraction angiography using carbon dioxide by ‘home made’ delivery system and conventional iodinated contrast media in the evaluation of peripheral arterial occlusive disease of the lower limbs. J Med Imaging Radiat Oncol. 2009;53(1):40-49.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline16. Stegemann, E, Tegtmeier, C, Bimpong-Buta, NY, et al. Carbondioxide-aided angiography decreases contrast volume and preserves kidney function in peripheral vascular interventions. Angiology. 2016;67(9):875-881.
Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | ISI17. Mills, JL, Conte, MS, Armstrong, DG, et al. The society for vascular surgery lower extremity threatened limb classification system: risk stratification based on wound, ischemia, and foot infection (WIfI). J Vasc Surg. 2014;59(1):220-234.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline | ISI18. Rocha-Singh, KJ, Zeller, T, Jaff, MR. Peripheral arterial calcification: prevalence, mechanism, detection, and clinical implications. Cathet Cardiovasc Interv. 2014;83(6):E212-E220.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline19. Andreucci, M, Faga, T, Pisani, A, Sabbatini, M, Russo, D, Michael, A. Prevention of contrast-induced nephropathy through a knowledge of its pathogenesis and risk factors. Sci World J. 2014;2014:823169.
Google Scholar | Crossref20. Leskinen, Y, Salenius, JP, Lehtimäki, T, Huhtala, H, Saha, H. The prevalence of peripheral arterial disease and medial arterial calcification in patients with chronic renal failure: requirements for diagnostics. Am J Kidney Dis. 2002;40(3):472-479.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline | ISI21. Owens, CD, Ho, KJ, Kim, S, et al. Refinement of survival prediction in patients undergoing lower extremity bypass surgery: stratification by chronic kidney disease classification. J Vasc Surg. 2007;45(5):944-952.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline | ISI22. Zlatanovic, P, Koncar, I, Dragas, M, et al. Combined impact of chronic kidney disease and contrast induced acute kidney injury on long-term outcomes in patients with acute lower limb ischaemia. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2018;56(1):78-86.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline23. Ho, CF, Chern, MS, Wu, MH, et al. Carbon dioxede angiography in lower limbs: a prospective comparative study with selective iodinated contrast angiography. Kaohsiung J Med Sci. 2003;19(12):599-607.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline24. Díaz, LP, Pabón, IP, García, JA, de la Cal López, MA. Assessment of CO2 arteriography in arterial occlusive disease of the lower extremities. J Vasc Interv Radiol. 2000;11(2 Pt 1):163-169.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline | ISI25. Weaver, FA, Pentecost, MJ, Yellin, AE. Carbon dioxide digital subtraction arteriography: a pilot study. Ann Vasc Surg. 1990;4(5):437-441.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline26. Rundback, JH, Shah, PM, Wong, J, Babu, SC, Rozenblit, G, Poplausky, MR. Massive intestinal infarction, and death after carbon dioxide arteriography. J Vasc Surg. 1997;26(2):337-340.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline27. Johnson, PL, Neperud, J, Arnold, J, Thomas, J. Livedo reticularis and bowel ischemia after carbon dioxide arteriography in a patient with CREST syndrome. J Vasc Interv Radiol. 2011;22(3):395-399.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline28. Diamantopoulos, A, Patrone, L, Santonocito, S, et al. Carbon dioxide angiography during peripheral angioplasty procedures significantly reduces the risk of contrast-induced nephropathy in patients with chronic kidney disease. CVIR Endovasc. 2020;3(1):9.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline