Background

Prognosis of patients with multiple myeloma (MM) who have relapsed on or become refractory to immunomodulators and bortezomib is poor and treatment options are limited. While pomalidomide plus low-dose dexamethasone (POM/DEX) has demonstrated efficacy in clinical trials, real-word evidence is scarce.

Patients and Methods

POSEIDON was a prospective non-interventional study designed to evaluate effectiveness, safety and quality of life (QoL) of POM/DEX in patients with relapsed or refractory MM (R/RMM) pretreated with at least two prior therapy lines including both lenalidomide and bortezomib in real-world in Germany. Patients received POM/DEX according to physicians’ choice. Data were analyzed descriptively.

Results

Between 2014 and 2017, 151 patients were enrolled, 144 patients with a median of three prior therapy lines qualified for effectiveness analysis. Median age was 73.2 years. Median progression-free and overall survival were 6.3 months [95% confidence interval (CI) 5.2,8.6] and 12.9 months [95% CI 10.6,15.1]. Most frequent grade 3/4 adverse events were leukopenia (8.2%), pneumonia (7.5%), and anemia (5.5%). QoL was maintained after start of POM/DEX.

Conclusion

The results of POSEIDON support the effectiveness and safety of POM/DEX in R/RMM patients pretreated with lenalidomide and bortezomib and highlight the clinical value of the POM/DEX regimen in the real-world setting.