Feigin VL Krishnamurthi RV. Parmar P Norrving B Mensah GA Bennett DA et al.

Update on the global burden of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke in 1990-2013: the GBD 2013 study.

Neuroepidemiology [Internet]. 45 (): 161-176Adams HPJ Bendixen BH Kappelle LJ Biller J Love BB Gordon DL et al.

Classification of subtype of acute ischemic stroke. Definitions for use in a multicenter clinical trial. TOAST. Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment.

Stroke. 24: 35-41Valdés Hernández M del C Maconick LC Muñoz Maniega S Wang X Wiseman S Armitage PA et al.

A comparison of location of acute symptomatic vs. “silent” small vessel lesions.

Int J Stroke [Internet]. 10 (): 1044-1050Feigin VL Forouzanfar MH Krishnamurthi R Mensah GA Connor M Bennett DA et al.

Global and regional burden of stroke during 1990-2010: findings from the global burden of disease study 2010.

Lancet (London, England). 383: 245-254O'Donnell MJ Chin SL Rangarajan S Xavier D Liu L Zhang H et al.

Global and regional effects of potentially modifiable risk factors associated with acute stroke in 32 countries (INTERSTROKE): a case-control study.

Lancet (London, England). 388: 761-775

Critical Appraisal Skills Programme. CASP cohort study [Internet]. 2018 [cited 2020 Jan 1]. Available from: www.casp-uk.net

Wang Y Xu J Zhao X Wang D Wang C Liu L et al.

Association of hypertension with stroke recurrence depends on ischemic stroke subtype.

Stroke. 44: 1232-1237Kang K Park TH Kim N Jang MU Park SS Park JM et al.

Recurrent stroke, myocardial infarction, and major vascular events during the first year after acute ischemic stroke: the multicenter prospective observational study about recurrence and its determinants after acute ischemic stroke I.

J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 25: 656-664Modrego PJ Mainar R Turull L.

Recurrence and survival after first-ever stroke in the area of Bajo Aragon, Spain. A prospective cohort study.

J Neurol Sci. 224: 49-55Hata J Tanizaki Y Kiyohara Y Kato I Kubo M Tanaka K et al.

Ten year recurrence after first ever stroke in a Japanese community: the Hisayama study.

J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 76: 368-372Huang ZX Lin XL Lu HK Liang XY Fan LJ Liu XT.

Lifestyles correlate with stroke recurrence in Chinese inpatients with first-ever acute ischemic stroke.

J Neurol [Internet]. 266 (): 1194-1202Kolominsky-Rabas PL Weber M Gefeller O Neundoerfer B Heuschmann PU.

Epidemiology of ischemic stroke subtypes according to TOAST criteria: incidence, recurrence, and long-term survival in ischemic stroke subtypes: a population-based study.

Stroke. 32: 2735-2740

Mechanisms of recurrence in subtypes of ischemic stroke: a hospital-based follow-up study.

Arch Neurol. 62: 1232-1237Lange MC Ribas G Scavasine V Ducci RD-P Mendes DC Zetola V de HF et al.

Stroke recurrence in the different subtypes of ischemic stroke. The importance of the intracranial disease.

Arq Neuropsiquiatr. 76: 649-653Omori T Kawagoe M Moriyama M Yasuda T Ito Y Hyakuta T et al.

Multifactorial analysis of factors affecting recurrence of stroke in Japan.

Asia-Pacific J public Heal. 27 ()Henon H Vroylandt P Durieu I Pasquier F Leys D.

Leukoaraiosis more than dementia is a predictor of stroke recurrence.

Stroke. 34: 2935-2940Lau KK Li L Schulz U Simoni M Chan KH Ho SL et al.

Total small vessel disease score and risk of recurrent stroke: Validation in 2 large cohorts.

Neurology. 88: 2260-2267Cabral NL Muller M Franco SC Longo A Moro C Nagel V et al.

Three-year survival and recurrence after first-ever stroke: the Joinville stroke registry.

BMC Neurol. 15: 70Saber H Thrift AG Kapral MK Shoamanesh A Amiri A Farzadfard MT et al.

Incidence, recurrence, and long-term survival of ischemic stroke subtypes: a population-based study in the Middle East.

Int J Stroke. 12: 835-843Bjerkreim AT Khanevski AN Thomassen L Selvik HA Waje-Andreassen U Naess H et al.

Five-year readmission and mortality differ by ischemic stroke subtype.

J Neurol Sci. 403: 31-37Kumral E Güllüoʇlu H Alakbarova N Deveci EE Çolak AY Çaʇinda AD et al.

Cognitive decline in patients with leukoaraiosis within 5 years after initial stroke.

J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 24: 2338-2347Rücker V Heuschmann PU O'Flaherty M Weingärtner M Hess M Sedlak C et al.

Twenty-year time trends in long-term case-fatality and recurrence rates after ischemic stroke stratified by etiology.

Stroke [Internet]. 51 (): 2778-2785Flach C Muruet W Wolfe CDA Bhalla A Douiri A.

Risk and secondary prevention of stroke recurrence: a population-base cohort study.

Stroke [Internet]. 51 (): 2435-2444Soda T Nakayasu H Maeda M Kusumi M Kowa H Awaki E et al.

Stroke recurrence within the first year following cerebral infarction–Tottori university lacunar infarction prognosis study (TULIPS).

Acta Neurol Scand. 110: 343-349Ryu WS Schellingerhout D Hong KS Jeong SW Jang MU Park MS et al.

White matter hyperintensity load on stroke recurrence and mortality at 1 year after ischemic stroke.

Neurology [Internet]. 93 (): E578-E589Ryglewicz D Baranska-Gieruszczak M Czlonkowska A Lechowicz W Hier DB.

Stroke recurrence among 30 days survivors of ischemic stroke in a prospective community-based study.

Neurol Res. 19: 377-379Yokota C Minematsu K Hasegawa Y Yamaguchi T.

Long-term prognosis, by stroke subtypes, after a first-ever stroke: a hospital-based study over a 20-year period.

Cerebrovasc Dis. 18: 111-116Imaizumi T Inamura S Nomura T.

The severities of white matter lesions possibly influence the recurrences of several stroke types.

J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 23: 1897-1902Modrego PJ Pina MA Fraj MM Llorens N.

Type, causes, and prognosis of stroke recurrence in the province of Teruel, Spain. A 5-year analysis.

Neurol Sci Off J Ital Neurol Soc Ital Soc Clin Neurophysiol. 21: 355-360Jones SB Sen S Lakshminarayan K Rosamond WD.

Poststroke outcomes vary by pathogenic stroke subtype in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study.

Stroke. 44: 2307-2310Imaizumi T Inamura S Nomura T Kanno A Kim SN.

The severity of white matter lesions possibly influences stroke recurrence in patients with histories of lacunar infarctions.

J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 24: 2154-2160

Survival and recurrent strokes in patients with different subtypes of stroke: a fourteen-year follow-up study.

Cerebrovasc Dis. 12: 171-180Kumral E Gulluoglu H Alakbarova N Karaman B Deveci EE Bayramov A et al.

Association of leukoaraiosis with stroke recurrence within 5 years after initial stroke.

J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 24: 573-582Jones SB Sen S Lakshminarayan K Rosamond WD.

Poststroke outcomes vary by pathogenic stroke subtype in the atherosclerosis risk in communities study.

Stroke. 44: 2307-2310Kang DW Han MK Kim HJ Sohn H Kim BJ Kwon SU et al.

Silent new ischemic lesions after index stroke and the risk of future clinical recurrent stroke.

Neurology [Internet]. 86 (): 277-285Andersen SD Skjoth F Yavarian Y Bach FW Lip GYH Larsen TB.

Multiple silent lacunes are associated with recurrent ischemic stroke.

Cerebrovasc Dis. 42: 73-80Lin MP Brott TG Liebeskind DS Meschia JF Sam K Gottesman RF.

Collateral recruitment is impaired by cerebral small vessel disease.

Stroke [Internet]. 51 (): 1404-1410Nogueira RG Jadhav AP Haussen DC Bonafe A Budzik RF Bhuva P et al.

Thrombectomy 6 to 24 hours after stroke with a mismatch between deficit and infarct.

N Engl J Med [Internet]. 378 (): 11-21Thomalla G Simonsen CZ Boutitie F Andersen G Berthezene Y Cheng B et al.

MRI-guided thrombolysis for stroke with unknown time of onset.

N Engl J Med [Internet]. 379 (): 611-622O'Donnell MJ Xavier D Liu L Zhang H Chin SL Rao-Melacini P et al.

Risk factors for ischaemic and intracerebral haemorrhagic stroke in 22 countries (the INTERSTROKE study): a case-control study.

Lancet (London, England). 376: 112-123Wardlaw JM Smith C Dichgans M.

Small vessel disease: mechanisms and clinical implications.

Lancet Neurol. 18: 684-696Wardlaw JM Smith EE Biessels GJ Cordonnier C Fazekas F Frayne R et al.

Neuroimaging standards for research into small vessel disease and its contribution to ageing and neurodegeneration.

Lancet Neurol. 12: 822-838