Khoo MJW, Ooi ASH (2021) Management of postreconstructive head and neck salivary fistulae: a review of current practices. J Plast Reconstr Aesthetic Surg JPRAS 74(9):2120–2132

Article  Google Scholar 

Girkar F, Thiagarajan S, Malik A, Sawhney S, Deshmukh A, Chaukar D et al (2019) Factors predisposing to the development of orocutaneous fistula following surgery for oral cancer: experience from a tertiary cancer center. Head Neck 41(12):4121–4127

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Dedivitis RA, Aires FT, Cernea CR, Brandão LG (2015) Pharyngocutaneous fistula after total laryngectomy: systematic review of risk factors. Head Neck 37(11):1691–1697

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Chiesa Estomba CM, Betances Reinoso FA, Osorio Velasquez A, Castro Macia O, Gonzalez Cortés MJ, Araujo Nores J (2016) Carotid blowout syndrome in patients treated by larynx cancer. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol 83(6):653–658

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Neuenschwander MC, Pribitkin EA, Sataloff RT (2000) Botulinum toxin in otolaryngology: a review of its actions and opportunities for use. Ear Nose Throat J 79(10):788–789 792, 794

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Petracca M, Guidubaldi A, Ricciardi L, Ialongo T, Del Grande A, Mulas D et al (2015) Botulinum Toxin A and B in sialorrhea: long-term data and literature overview. Toxicon off J Int Soc Toxinology 107(Pt A):129–140

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Jongerius PH, Rotteveel JJ, van Limbeek J, Gabreëls FJM, van Hulst K, van den Hoogen FJA (2004) Botulinum toxin effect on salivary flow rate in children with cerebral palsy. Neurology 63(8):1371–1375

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Jeung IS, Lee S, Kim HS, Yeo CK (2012) Effect of botulinum toxin a injection into the salivary glands for sialorrhea in children with neurologic disorders. Ann Rehabil Med 36(3):340–346

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Maharaj S, Mungul S, Laher A (2020) Botulinum toxin A is an effective therapeutic tool for the management of parotid sialocele and fistula: a systematic review. Laryngoscope Investig Otolaryngol 5(1):37–45

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Marchese M, Almadori G, Giorgio A, Paludetti G (2008) Post-surgical role of botulinum toxin-A injection in patients with head and neck cancer: personal experience. Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital 28(1):13–16

CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Marchese MR, Di Cesare T, De Corso E, Petracca M, Oliveto G, Almadori G (2022) Botulinum Neurotoxin A in the treatment of Pharyngocutaneous Fistula after salvage surgery in Head and Neck Cancer patients: our preliminary results. Curr Oncol Tor Ont 29(10):7099–7105

Article  Google Scholar 

Giess R, Naumann M, Werner E, Riemann R, Beck M, Puls I et al (2000) Injections of botulinum toxin a into the salivary glands improve sialorrhoea in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 69(1):121–123

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Glickman S, Deaney CN (2001) Treatment of relative sialorrhoea with botulinum toxin type A: description and rationale for an injection procedure with case report. Eur J Neurol 8(6):567–571

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Busoni M, Deganello A, Gallo O (2015) Pharyngocutaneous fistula following total laryngectomy: analysis of risk factors, prognosis and treatment modalities. Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital 35(6):400–405

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Steinbichler TB, Wolfram D, Runge A, Hartl R, Dejaco D, Rauchenwald T et al (2021) Modified vacuum-assisted closure (EndoVAC) therapy for treatment of pharyngocutaneous fistula: Case series and a review of the literature. Head Neck 43(8):2377–2384

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Loaec E, Vaillant PY, Bonne L, Marianowski R (2014) Negative-pressure wound therapy for the treatment of pharyngocutaneous fistula. Eur Ann Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Dis 131(6):351–355

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar