phenotypic and Genotypic Detection of Carbapenemases in Clinical Isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii

Abstract

Abstract Acinetobacter baumannii, a Gram-negative coccobacillus with a short and round rod-like shape, is an opportunistic pathogen in immunocompromised patients, particularly prevalent as a nosocomial infection. A notable characteristic is its diverse antibiotic resistance mechanisms.The isolation of A. baumannii strains in hospitals is becoming more prevalent, presenting an escalating challenge in the treatment process.In the present study involving 400 isolates obtained from diverse sources (blood, urine, wound, and burn swabs), the Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (AST) results for( 28)Acinetobacter baumannii isolates revealed pronounced resistance. Notably, resistance rates were notably high for piperacillin (80%) and carbenicillin (81`.2%). Resistance to Imipenem and meropenem stood at 8.4% and 19.8%, respectively, while the highest resistance was recorded against gentamicin (82%), amikacin (72.6%), cefepime (60.8%), cefotaxime (70.2%), ceftazidime (70.2%), and ceftriaxone (71.6%). Molecular detection of Enzymatic genes was executed through PCR testing, revealing that, All 28 isolates (100%) exhibited the presence of the blaOXA-51type gene, a considered pointer for finding of bacteria by PCR. The prevailing MBL gene was blaVIM-type, identified in 12(42.8)% of isolates. Furthermore, 10(35.7% )of isolates carried the blaKPC- gene.In conclusion the identification of these genes (blaOXA-51, blaVIM, and blaKPC-type) in Acinetobacter baumannii . Addressing antibiotic-resistant bacteria challenges healthcare; crucial to understand, monitor, and regulate antibiotic resistance gene dissemination for public health.

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

Funding Statement

not receive any funding

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The details of the IRB/oversight body that provided approval or exemption for the research described are given below:

Ethical approval The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Al-Hillah Surgical Teaching Hospital, participants were fully informed about the objectives of the research, and their consent was obtained before collecting samples for experiments and publishing the results. Additional approval was granted by the local Ethics Committee of the College of Medicine, University of Babylon and the Hospital Ethics Committee under document no.[IRB: 6-20, 22/1/2023].

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