Makridis KG, Karachalios T, Kontogeorgakos VA, Badras LS, Malizos KN (2015) The effect of osteoporotic treatment on the functional outcome, re-fracture rate, quality of life and mortality in patients with hip fractures: a prospective functional and clinical outcome study on 520 patients. Injury 46:378–383. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.injury.2014.11.031

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Veronese N, Maggi S (2017) Epidemiology of hip fracture and social costs, in: 2017 pp. 19–30. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-43249-6_2

Barcelos A, Gonçalves J, Mateus C, Canhão H, Rodrigues AM (2023) Costs of incident non-hip osteoporosis-related fractures in postmenopausal women from a payer-perspective. Osteoporos Int 34:2111–2119. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-023-06881-w

Barcelos A, Gonçalves J, Mateus C, Canhão H, Rodrigues AM (2023) Costs of hip fractures in postmenopausal women in Portugal: a study from the payer’s perspective. Acta Med Port 36:848–849. https://doi.org/10.20344/amp.20481

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Stanghelle B, Bentzen H, Giangregorio L, Pripp AH, Skelton DA, Bergland A (2020) Effects of a resistance and balance exercise programme on physical fitness, health-related quality of life and fear of falling in older women with osteoporosis and vertebral fracture: a randomized controlled trial. Osteoporos Int 31:1069–1078. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-019-05256-4

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Reid IR, Billington EO (2022) Drug therapy for osteoporosis in older adults. Lancet 399:1080–1092. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(21)02646-5

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Olsen CF, Bergland A (2014) The effect of exercise and education on fear of falling in elderly women with osteoporosis and a history of vertebral fracture: results of a randomized controlled trial. Osteoporos Int 25:2017–2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-014-2724-3

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Sherrington C, Fairhall NJ, Wallbank GK et al (2019) Lamb, Exercise for preventing falls in older people living in the community. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2019. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD012424.pub2.

Kendrick D, Kumar A, Carpenter H, Zijlstra GAR, Skelton DA, Cook JR, Stevens Z, Belcher CM, Haworth D, Gawler SJ, Gage H, Masud T, Bowling A, Pearl M, Morris RW, Iliffe S, Delbaere K (2014) Exercise for reducing fear of falling in older people living in the community. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2014:CD009848. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD009848.pub2

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

WHO(2020). https://iris.who.int/bitstream/handle/10665/336656/9789240015128-eng.pdf?sequence=1. Accessed 11 April 2024

Hoffmann I, Shojaa M, Kohl M, von Stengel S, Becker C, Gosch M, Jakob F, Kerschan-Schindl K, Kladny B, Clausen J, Lange U, Middeldorf S, Peters S, Schoene D, Sieber C, Tholen R, Thomasius F, Bischoff-Ferrari HA, Uder M, Kemmler W (2022) Exercise reduces the number of overall and major osteoporotic fractures in adults. Does Supervision Make a Difference? Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Bone Mineral Res 37:2132–2148. https://doi.org/10.1002/jbmr.4683

Article  Google Scholar 

Zhao R, Feng F, Wang X (2017) Exercise interventions and prevention of fall-related fractures in older people: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Int J Epidemiol 46:149–161. https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyw142

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

De SoutoBarreto P, Rolland Y, Vellas B, Maltais M (2019) Association of long-term exercise training with risk of falls, fractures, hospitalizations, and mortality in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA Intern Med 179:394–405. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2018.5406

Article  Google Scholar 

Gregson CL, Armstrong DJ, Bowden J et al. (2022) UK clinical guideline for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. Arch Osteoporos 17. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11657-022-01061-5.

Gibbs JC, MacIntyre NJ, Ponzano M, Templeton JA, Thabane L, Papaioannou A, Giangregorio LM (2019) Exercise for improving outcomes after osteoporotic vertebral fracture. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD008618.pub3

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Brooke-Wavell K, Skelton DA, Barker KL, Clark EM, De Biase S, Arnold S, Paskins Z, Robinson KR, Lewis RM, Tobias JH, Ward KA, Whitney J, Leyland S (2022) Strong, steady and straight: UK consensus statement on physical activity and exercise for osteoporosis. Br J Sports Med 56:837–846. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2021-104634

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Zhang X, Butts WJ, You T (2022) Exercise interventions, physical function, and mobility after hip fracture: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Disabil Rehabil 44:4986–4996. https://doi.org/10.1080/09638288.2021.1924299

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Soukkio PK, Suikkanen SA, Kukkonen-Harjula KT, Kautiainen H, Hupli MT, Aartolahti EM, Kääriä SM, Pitkälä KH, Sipilä S (2022) Effects of a 12-month home-based exercise program on functioning after hip fracture – secondary analyses of an RCT. J Am Geriatr Soc. https://doi.org/10.1111/jgs.17824

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Ramiro S, Canhão H, Branco J (2010) Epireumapt protocol - Portuguese epidemiologic study of the rheumatic diseases. Acta Reumatol Port 35:384–390

PubMed  Google Scholar 

Rodrigues AM, Gregório MJ, Sousa RD, Dias SS, Santos MJ, Mendes JM, Coelho PS, Branco JC, Canhão H (2018) Challenges of ageing in Portugal: data from the EpiDoC cohort. Acta Med Port 31:80–93. https://doi.org/10.20344/amp.9817

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Melton LJ, Thamer M, Ray NF, Chan JK, Chesnut CH, Einhorn TA, Johnston CC, Raisz LG, Silverman SL, Siris ES (1997) Fractures attributable to osteoporosis: report from the national osteoporosis foundation. J Bone Miner Res 12:16–23. https://doi.org/10.1359/jbmr.1997.12.1.16

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Chen Z, Kooperberg C, Pettinger MB, Bassford T, Cauley JA, LaCroix AZ, Lewis CE, Kipersztok S, Borne C, Jackson RD (2004) Validity of self-report for fractures among a multiethnic cohort of postmenopausal women: results from the Women’s Health Initiative observational study and clinical trials. Menopause 11(n.d):264–74. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.gme.0000094210.15096.fd

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Ismail AA, O’Neill T, Cockerill W, Finn JD, Cannata JB, Hoszowski K, Johnell O, Matthis C, Raspe H, Raspe A, Reeve J, Silman AJ (2000) Validity of self-report of fractures: results from a prospective study in men and women across. Europe EPOS Study Group. European Prospective Osteoporosis Study Group. Osteoporos Int 11:248–54. https://doi.org/10.1007/s001980050288

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Honkanen K, Honkanen R, Heikkinen L, Kröger H, Saarikoski S (1999) Validity of self-reports of fractures in perimenopausal women. Am J Epidemiol 150:511–516. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a010040

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Hansen J, Hansen H, Nilsson C et al (2023) Association between educational level and self-reported musculoskeletal pain and physical functioning in Danes 60–70 years old from 2010 to 2017: a longitudinal analysis of trends over time on data from the Danish Health and Morbidity Survey, BMJ Open 13. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2023-073523.

Dziedzic M, Janiszewska M, Goździewska M et al (2022) Assessment of the quality of life of women after osteoporotic vertebral fracture with consideration of socio-demographic characteristics and selected factors concerning the state of health, Int J Environ Res Public Health 19. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912237.

Gold DT, Williams SA, Weiss RJ, Wang Y, Watkins C, Carroll J, Middleton C, Silverman S (2019) Impact of fractures on quality of life in patients with osteoporosis: a US cross-sectional survey. J Drug Assess 8:175–183. https://doi.org/10.1080/21556660.2019.1677674

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Savikangas T, Savolainen T, Tirkkonen A, Alén M, Hautala AJ, Laukkanen JA, Rantalainen T, Törmäkangas T, Sipilä S (2024) The impact of multimorbidity patterns on changes in physical activity and physical capacity among older adults participating in a year-long exercise intervention. J Aging Phys Act 32:213–224. https://doi.org/10.1123/japa.2022-0397

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Fisher S, Ottenbacher KJ, Goodwin JS, Graham JE, Ostir GV (2009) Short Physical Performance Battery in hospitalized older adults. Aging Clin Exp Res 21:445–452. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03327444

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Rizzo M, Tammaro G, Guarino A et al (2022) Quality of life in osteoporotic patients. Orthop Rev (Pavia) 14. https://doi.org/10.52965/001c.38562.

Emamvirdi R, Hosseinzadeh Asl N, Colakoglu FF (2016) Health-related quality of life with regard to smoking, consumption of alcohol, and sports participation. Iran Red Crescent Med J 18. https://doi.org/10.5812/ircmj.27919.

Zhu K, Prince RL (2015) Lifestyle and osteoporosis. Curr Osteoporos Rep 13:52–59. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11914-014-0248-6

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Brown VA (2021) An introduction to linear mixed-effects modeling in R. Adv Methods Pract Psychol Sci 4. https://doi.org/10.1177/2515245920960351.

Stanghelle B, Bentzen H, Giangregorio L, Pripp AH, Bergland A (2019) Associations between health-related quality of life, physical function and pain in older women with osteoporosis and vertebral fracture. BMC Geriatr 19:1–10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-019-1268-y

Article  Google Scholar 

Li X, Chen W, Chen Q et al (2023) Effects of resistance and balance exercises for athletic ability and quality of life in people with osteoporotic vertebral fracture: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized control trials. Front Med (Lausanne) 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2023.1135063.

Evstigneeva L, Lesnyak O, Bultink IEM, Lems WF, Kozhemyakina E, Negodaeva E, Guselnikova G, Belkin A (2016) Effect of twelve-month physical exercise program on patients with osteoporotic vertebral fractures: a randomized, controlled trial. Osteoporos Int 27:2515–2524. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-016-3560-4

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Gibbs JC, McArthur C, Wark JD, Thabane L, Scherer SC, Prasad S, Papaioannou A, Mittmann N, Laprade J, Kim S, Khan A, Kendler DL, Hill KD, Cheung AM, Bleakney R, Ashe MC, Adachi JD, Giangregorio LM (2020) The effects of home exercise in older women with vertebral fractures: a pilot randomized controlled trial. Phys Ther 100:662–676. https://doi.org/10.1093/ptj/pzz188

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central