Ibuprofen, a commonly used over-the-counter medication, is widely recognized for its effective pain relief properties but is also associated with various adverse effects, including rare ocular and neurological manifestations. We report a case of a 27-year-old male who experienced transient vertical diplopia following a standard ibuprofen dosage for back pain. Symptoms resolved promptly upon discontinuation of the drug, with normal findings on extensive clinical and laboratory evaluations. The clinical presentation, suggestive of skew deviation, implies central toxicity. This case underscores the potential for diplopia associated with NSAIDs like ibuprofen to be underdiagnosed and offers valuable insights into the central toxicity of ibuprofen. Further research is warranted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and optimize patient care in similar scenarios.