Mobile Phone Dependence Syndrome and its influencing factors among middle school students in Guangzhou, China: a cross-sectional study

Abstract

Background: Mobile Phone Dependence Syndrome (MPDS), a kind of addiction caused by extra phone use, is characterized by impairment of physical, mental, and social functioning. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of MPDS, injury due to overfocusing on phone, and explore MPDS’s associated factors among middle school students in Guangzhou, China. Methods: 1928 questionnaires were collected from April 2023 to May 2023 in Liwan and Nansha districts of Guangzhou through multi-stage cluster sampling. We used the Mobile Phone Dependence Scale for Middle School Students (MPDS Scale) and analyzed its reliability and validity. Frequency distribution, Chi-square test, fisher exact test and binary logistic regression were performed in data analysis. Results: The reliability and validity of the MPDS Scale were good. The prevalence of MPDS was 10.0% and injury rate because of overfocusing on phone is 11.9%. Binary logistic regression demonstrated that gender, grade, personality, father’s parenting style, time of mobile phone use on rest days, and the most important motivation for using phone might influence occurrence of MPDS among middle school students (P<0.05). Conclusion: Prevalence of MPDS among middle school students in Guangzhou was at a low level relatively. Students with MPDS had higher injury proportion than students with no MPDS. Female gender, grade of senior high school, introverted character, fathers with authoritarian parenting styles, spending 6 hours above on phone on rest days, and motivation of entertainment for using phone were associated with occurrence of MPDS. These findings can help develop measures to reduce occurrence of MPDS.

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

Funding Statement

Yes

Author Declarations

I confirm all relevant ethical guidelines have been followed, and any necessary IRB and/or ethics committee approvals have been obtained.

Yes

The details of the IRB/oversight body that provided approval or exemption for the research described are given below:

This study was reviewed and approved by the Ethics committee of Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China (approval number GZCDC-ECHR-2024P0095). Informed consent was obtained from all the student participants.

I confirm that all necessary patient/participant consent has been obtained and the appropriate institutional forms have been archived, and that any patient/participant/sample identifiers included were not known to anyone (e.g., hospital staff, patients or participants themselves) outside the research group so cannot be used to identify individuals.

Yes

I understand that all clinical trials and any other prospective interventional studies must be registered with an ICMJE-approved registry, such as ClinicalTrials.gov. I confirm that any such study reported in the manuscript has been registered and the trial registration ID is provided (note: if posting a prospective study registered retrospectively, please provide a statement in the trial ID field explaining why the study was not registered in advance).

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I have followed all appropriate research reporting guidelines, such as any relevant EQUATOR Network research reporting checklist(s) and other pertinent material, if applicable.

Yes

Data Availability

The data are held or will be held in a public repository

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