5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) is a six-carbon heterocyclic compound commonly found in heat-treated carbohydrate-rich foods. 5-HMF exceeding the specified limit is cytotoxic in human body and will be converted into carcinogenic substances (5-sulfoxide methyl furfural) after long-term accumulation in the body. It is very important to explore a sensitive and accurate detect method of 5-HMF in the field of food safety field. In this paper, an photoelectric sensing method was developed for highly sensitive detection of 5-HMF using hollow TiO2 nanospheres successfully synthesized by template method, sol-gel method and lye etching method. The structure and composition of the materials were studied by XRD, XPS, SEM and TEM. The electrochemical and photoelectrochemical properties of an h-TiO2 electrode probe based on indium tin oxide (ITO) slides were investigated. The results show that the linear relationship of 5-HMF is good in the concentration range of 10-11-10-7 M, the detection limit of 5-HMF is 0.001 nM. Moreover, the PEC sensor has good accuracy in the detection of actual samples.

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