With a prevalence of 15 %, anterior shoulder dislocation (ASD) is a common problem in athletic activities that require pitching, such as baseball and handball [10]. Identifying individuals at risk of ASD is of paramount importance in clinical settings, as it enables the implementation of preventive measures and allows for a personalized medical management plan to be devised (M. [24,26]). Emerging evidence has proven that many radiological criteria could be predictors of ASD development [30,14]. Such criteria include Glenoid version, glenoid depth, glenoid diameter, humeral head diameter, humeral containing angle, and the ratio of humeral head diameter to glenoid diameter [8,9,39].

The promising potential of using radiological criteria to predict anterior shoulder dislocation (ASD) has gathered significant attention in the orthopedic community (M. K. [27,25]). However, their translation into daily clinical practice has been hindered by the lack of comprehensive evidence supporting their reliability. To truly harness the power of these criteria as valuable tools for predicting ASD, it is imperative to subject them to rigorous assessment and validation in a real-world clinical setting. Ensuring their reproducibility is crucial, as this not only enhances their reliability but also reinforces their credibility as clinically relevant parameters. However, to the best of our knowledge, the reliability of these criteria has never been reported. Integrating these parameters into routine shoulder MRI interpretations following shoulder injuries holds the promise of facilitating accurate identification of ASD risk factors, thereby guiding clinical decision-making, and enhancing patient care.

Given the absence of prior literature that establishes the reliability of the MRI parameters under investigation and considering the significance of these parameters in predicting the risk of future dislocations, particularly for athletes in sports and their career prospects, it is of utmost clinical importance to examine the reliability of these crucial parameters. By doing so, we can enhance our understanding of their validity and potential impact on patient care.

The present study aims to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the reliability and reproducibility pertaining to the measurement of the specific radiological parameters. Establishing their reliability and reproducibility would substantiate their clinical significance and warrant their potential inclusion in routine shoulder magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) interpretations subsequent to athletic injuries.