It has long been desired to develop rapid methods for the rapid identification and quantification of pesticides and their metabolites. Carbofuran, a representative pesticide of the carbamate group, is highly systemic and is used in vegetables, fruits and grains, which has led many countries to test for residues in food and the environment. In this paper, a rapid and sensitive method for the determination of carbofuran was established based on the principle of competitive immunity lateral lateral flow chromatography using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). 5,5-dithiobis-2-nitrobenzoic acid was selected as a Raman reporter molecule and coupled with carbofuran antibody and Au@Ag nanoparticles, and the siphon effect was used to develop the colour on the test strips and perform the spectral analysis under Raman spectrometry. SERS-ICA is a rapid, quantitative and ultrasensitive test for the determination of carbofuran in fruits and vegetables with a sensitivity of 0. 1 pg/mL with a relative standard deviation of less than 5%. Consequently, the results demonstrate that the SERS-based lateral flow immunosensor developed in this study has the advantages of excellent assay sensitivity and remarkable multiplexing capability, thus it will have great application potential in food safety monitoring.

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