Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanoparticles secreted by cells with closed phospholipid bilayer structure, which can participate in various physiological and pathological processes and have significant clinical value in disease diagnosis, targeted therapy and prognosis assessment. EVs isolation methods currently include differential ultracentrifugation, ultrafiltration, size exclusion chromatography, immunoaffinity, polymer co-precipitation and microfluidics. In addition, material-based biochemical or biophysical approaches relying on intrinsic properties of the material or its surface-modified functionalized monomers, demonstrated unique advantages in the efficient isolation of EVs. In order to provide new ideas for the subsequent development of material-based EVs isolation methods, this review will focus on the principle, research status and application prospect of material-based EVs isolation methods based on different material carriers and functional monomers.

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