Homeopathic Pyrogenium Ointment as Adjuvant in Treatment of Traumatic and Infected Myiasis by Cochliomyia Hominivorax (Diptera: Calliphoridae) in Sheep: A Case Series

Homeopathy
DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1778066

1   Departamento de Zootecnia e Desenvolvimento Rural, Programa de Pós Graduação em Agroecossistemas, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Florianópolis, SC, Brazil

,

Denise Pereira Leme

1   Departamento de Zootecnia e Desenvolvimento Rural, Programa de Pós Graduação em Agroecossistemas, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Florianópolis, SC, Brazil

,

Patrizia Ana Bricarello

1   Departamento de Zootecnia e Desenvolvimento Rural, Programa de Pós Graduação em Agroecossistemas, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Florianópolis, SC, Brazil

› Author Affiliations Funding This study was supported by the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development—CNPq (CNPq Grant number: 402867/2017-3) and Milligramm Homeopathic Pharmacy, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil (CNPJ: 15.392.920/0001-70). Barros GP received financial support from CNPq and Coordination of Superior Level Staff Improvement—Brazil (Capes)—Financing Code 001.
  SFX Search  Buy Article Permissions and Reprints Abstract

Background The blowfly Cochliomyia hominivorax (Diptera: Calliphoridae) causes traumatic myiasis in farm animals, with deeply embedded larvae that lead to serious tissue damage and sometimes death. Treating this form of myiasis is difficult, often resulting in poor outcomes. As a homeopathic preparation that can mimic traumatic myiasis symptoms, Pyrogenium could potentially supplement treatment. This study aimed to describe the adjuvant effect that a Pyrogenium ointment might have in the treatment of sheep with traumatic myiasis.

Patients The study reports a homeopathic adjuvant treatment with Pyrogenium 12cH ointment in six sheep with traumatic and infected myiasis. Daily clinical examinations were performed to monitor the evolution of the health of animals. Pyrogenium 12cH ointment was applied topically on the wounds, after cleaning and mechanical removal of the larvae from the lesion. Blood samples were collected for blood counts, and wound exudate samples were obtained for bacteriological examination before and after wound treatment.

Results The ointment of Pyrogenium 12cH limited the development of parasitic larvae and was associated with the repair of tissue losses resulting from the myiases and with subsequent wound healing, together with control of fever and local inflammation.

Conclusion Homeopathic Pyrogenium 12cH, formulated as an ointment, may be a useful new and adjuvant therapeutic option for treating traumatic and infected myiasis in animals.

Keywords cutaneous myiasis - wounds - skin healing - inflammatory process - bacterial resistance to antibiotics - animals Publication History

Received: 04 August 2023

Accepted: 19 September 2023

Article published online:
28 March 2024

© 2024. Faculty of Homeopathy. This article is published by Thieme.

Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany

 
References 1 Singh A, Banerjee T. Myiasis. In: Textbook of Parasitic Zoonoses. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore; 2022: 623-631 2 Costa-Júnior LM, Chaves DP, Brito DRB, Santos VAFD, Costa-Júnior HN, Barros ATM. A review on the occurrence of Cochliomyia hominivorax (Diptera: Calliphoridae) in Brazil. Rev Bras Parasitol Vet 2019; 28: 548-562 3 Brisola C, Jacqueline P. Myiasis-causing flies. In: Encyclopedia of Infection and Immunity. Elsevier Inc; 2020: 1-11 4 Hall MJR, Wall RL, Stevens JR. Traumatic myiasis: a neglected disease in a changing world. Annu Rev Entomol 2016; 61: 159-176 5 de Barros GP, Bricarello PA. Myiasis by Cochliomyia hominivorax (Coquerel, 1858): a neglected zoonosis in Brazil. Open J Vet Med 2020; 10: 80-91 6 Francesconi F, Lupi O. Myiasis. Tropical Dermatology: 2nd ed. 2016: 393-400 7 Colwell DD, Scholl PJ, Losson B. et al. Management of myiasis: current status and future prospects. Vet Parasitol 2004; 125: 93-104 8 Poindexter HA. Clinical myiasis. J Natl Med Assoc 1979; 71: 1221-1222 9 Patton WS. Notes on the myiasis-producing diptera of man and animals. Bull Entomol Res 1921; 12: 239-261 10 Ridley DB, Grabowski HG, Moe JL. Developing drugs for developing countries. Health Aff (Millwood) 2006; 25: 313-324 11 Fisher WW, Syed T. Global justice in healthcare: developing drugs for the developing world. UC Davis Law Rev 2006; 4: 581 12 Weiermayer P, Frass M, Peinbauer T, Ellinger L, De Beukelaer E. Evidence-based human homeopathy and veterinary homeopathy. Comment on Bergh et al. A Systematic Review of Complementary and Alternative Veterinary Medicine: “Miscellaneous Therapies”: Animals 2021, 11, 3356. Animals 2022; 12: 2097 13 Aleixo DL, Bonamin LV, Ferraz FN, Da Veiga FK, De Araújo SM. Homeopathy in parasitic diseases. Int J High Dilution Res 2014; 13: 13-27 14 Gibson DM. Pyrogenium, a study. Br Homeopath J 1968; 57: 192-194 15 Vijnovisky B. Tratado de Matéria Médica Homeopática. 1st ed. Editora Organon; 2003: 2028 16 Lathoud JA. Estudos de Matéria Médica Homeopática. 1st ed. Editora Organon; 2001: 150 17 Kent JT. Materia Medica of Homoeopathic Remedies. 3rd ed. Asia Publishing House; 2000 18 Boericke W. Matéria médica homeopática com índice terapêutico. 2nd ed. Rio de Janeiro: Fraenkel Vervolet Editora; 1993: 561 19 Frass M, Linkesch M, Banyai S. et al. Adjunctive homeopathic treatment in patients with severe sepsis: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in an intensive care unit. Homeopathy 2005; 94: 75-80 20 Dabbir BKR, Sankaran S, Vijayalaksmi S. Treatment of retention of fetal membranes in ruminants with Pyrogenium 200. Int J Homoeopath Sci 2021; 5: 372-374 21 Krömker V, Wente N, Zhang Y. et al. Comparison of a non-antibiotic treatment with an antibiotic treatment of chronic mastitis. Milk Sci Int Milchwissenschaft 2019; 72: 34-38 22 Ziesch M, Wente N, Zhang Y, Zaremba W, Engl S, Krömker V. Noninferiority trial investigating the efficacy of a nonantibiotic intramammary therapy in the treatment of mild-to-moderate clinical mastitis in dairy cows with longer lasting udder diseases. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2018; 41: 11-21 23 Ahmad S, Abbasi WM, Rehman T. Evaluation of antipyretic activity of Belladonna and Pyrogenium ultrahigh dilutions in induced fever model: antipyretic effects of Belladonna and Pyrogenium . J Complement Integr Med 2019; 16: 20180127 24 Gosavi TP, Ghosh P, Ghole VS, Bodhankar SL, Bodhankar SL. Effect of potentized homeopathic preparations in yeast induced pyrexia in laboratory animals. Pharmacologyonline 2010; 2: 629-641 25 Barros GP, Avilés LLA, Hillmann MCH, Bricarello PA. Effect of ointments of Sulphur or Pyrogenium on larvae of Cochliomyia hominivorax (Diptera: Calliphoridae). Homeopathy 2022; 111: 271-277 26 de Barros GP, Seugling J, Bricarello PA. Effect of homeopathic medicines and a nosode on larvae of Cochliomyia hominivorax (Diptera: Calliphoridae). Homeopathy 2019; 108: 177-182 27 Barros GP, Leme DP, Bricarello PA. Homeopathic Sulphur ointment as adjuvant in the treatment of sheep with myiasis by Cochliomyia hominivorax (Diptera: Calliphoridae): a case series. Homeopathy 2023 (e-pub ahead of print). 28 Prata M. Uso tópico do açúcar em ferida cutânea: estudo experimental em rato. Acta Cir Bras 1988; 3: 43-48 29 Ramsey DT, Pope ER, Wagner-Mann C, Berg JN, Swaim SF. Effects of three occlusive dressing materials on healing of full-thickness skin wounds in dogs. Am J Vet Res 1995; 56: 941-949 30 Thrall MA, Baker DC, Campbell TW. Hematologia e Bioquímica Clínica Veterinária. 1st ed. São Paulo: Roca Editora; 2007: 582 31 Carter GR. Fundamentos de Bacteriologia e Micologia Veterinária. São Paulo: Roca Editora; 1988: 118-121 32 Victoria J, Trujillo R, Barreto M. Myiasis: a successful treatment with topical ivermectin. Int J Dermatol 1999; 38: 142-144 33 Amos CA. Atividade terapêutica do spinosad contra larvas de Cochliomyia hominivorax (L1, L2 e L3) em bovinos infestados natural e artificialmente. Thesis (Doctorate). Universidade Estadual de São Paulo; 2009 34 Oliveira CMB. Biologia, Flutuação Populacional e Patologia da Cochliomyia hominivorax (Coquerel, 1858) (Diptera: Calliphoridae). Thesis (Doctorate). Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro; 1980 35 Sanavria A, Prata MCA. Eficácia profilática do doramectin contra infestações naturais por Cochliomyia hominivorax em ovinos pós castração. Rev Bras Parasitol Vet 1996; 5: 113-117 36 Sanavria A, Muniz RA, Gonçalves LCB, Rew RS, Silva DS. Eficácia profilática de doramectin contra infestações naturais por Cochliomyia hominivorax em bovinos após castração. Rev Bras Parasitol Vet 1996; 5: 7-10 37 Correia TR, Scott FB, Verocai GG. et al. Larvicidal efficacy of nitenpyram on the treatment of myiasis caused by Cochliomyia hominivorax (Diptera: Calliphoridae) in dogs. Vet Parasitol 2010; 173: 169-172 38 Moya-Borja GE, Oliveira CMB, Muniz RA, Goncalves LCB. Prophylactic and persistent efficacy of doramectin against Cochliomyia hominivorax in cattle. Vet Parasitol 1993; 49: 95-105 39 Moya-Borja GE, Muniz RA, Umehara O, Goncalves LCB, Silva DSF, McKenzie ME. Protective efficacy of doramectin and ivermectin against Cochliomyia hominivorax . Vet Parasitol 1997; 72: 101-109 40 Coelho HE. Patologia veterinária. 1st ed. Rio de Janeiro: Manole Editora; 2002: 235 41 Balsa IM, Culp WTN. Wound care. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2015; 45: 1049-1065 42 Mathie RT, Clausen J. Veterinary homeopathy: systematic review of medical conditions studied by randomised placebo-controlled trials. Vet Rec 2014; 175: 373-381 43 Pugh DG, Baird AN. Sheep and Goat Medicine. 2nd ed. Elsevier Health Sciences; 2012: 640 44 Reinke JM, Sorg H. Wound repair and regeneration. Eur Surg Res 2012; 49: 35-43 45 Gethin G. Understanding the inflammatory process in wound healing. Br J Community Nurs 2012; 17: S17-S18 , S20, S22 46 Cardozo SV, Ramadinha RR. Avaliação do tratamento de miíases em cães através da utilização do nitenpyram. Rev Brasil Cirur Vet 2007; 14: 139-142 47 Passeti TA, Bissoli LR, Macedo AP, Libame RB, Diniz S, Waisse S. Action of antibiotic oxacillin on in vitro growth of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) previously treated with homeopathic medicines. Homeopathy 2017; 106: 27-31 48 Passeti TA, Manzoni ADJ, Ambrozino LGP. et al. Ação dos medicamentos homeopáticos Arnica montana, Gelsemium sempervirens, Belladonna, Mercurius solubillis e nosódio sobre o crescimento in vitro da bactéria Streptococcus pyogenes . Rev Homeopatia 2014; 77: 1-9 49 Nayak C, Sahoo AR, Nayak C. Thlaspi bursa pastoris in treatment of urinary stones: a case series. Homeopathy 2020; 109: 238-242 50 Fixsen A. Homeopathy in the age of antimicrobial resistance: is it a viable treatment for upper respiratory tract infections?. Homeopathy 2018; 107: 99-114 51 Chand KS, Kapoor P. Two case reports of integrated management of antibiotic-resistant urinary tract infection. Homeopathy 2020; 109: 97-106 52 Spellberg B, Guidos R, Gilbert D. The epidemic of antibiotic-resistant infections: a call to action for the medical community from the Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clin Infect Dis 2008; 46: 155-164 53 Anderson RM. The pandemic of antibiotic resistance. Nat Med 1999; 5: 147-149
 

留言 (0)

沒有登入
gif