L. Bartalena, M.L. Tanda, Current concepts regarding Graves’ orbitopathy. J. Intern. Med. 292(5), 692–716 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1111/joim.13524
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
L. Bartalena, G.J. Kahaly, L. Baldeschi, C.M. Dayan, A. Eckstein, C. Marcocci, M. Marinò, B. Vaidya, W.M. Wiersinga; EUGOGO, The 2021 European Group on Graves’ orbitopathy (EUGOGO) clinical practice guidelines for the medical management of Graves’ orbitopathy. Eur. J. Endocrinol. 185(4), G43–G67 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1530/EJE-21-0479
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
L. Bartalena, W.M. Wiersinga, Proposal for standardization of primary and secondary outcomes in patients with active, moderate-to-severe graves’ orbitopathy. Eu. Thyroid J. 9, 3–16 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1159/000510700
A. Eckstein, M. Schittkowski, J. Esser, Surgical treatment of Graves’ ophthalmopathy. Best. Pract. Res. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 26, 339–358 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beem.2011.11.002
I. San Miguel, M. Arenas, R. Carmona, J. Rutllan, F. Medina-Rivero, P. Lara, Review of the treatment of Graves’ ophthalmopathy: The role of the new radiation techniques. Saudi J. Ophthalmol. 32(2), 139–145 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjopt.2017.09.003
M.L. Tanda, L. Bartalena, Efficacy and safety of orbital radiotherapy for graves’ orbitopathy. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 97(11), 3857–3865 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2012-2758
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
T. Weissmann, S. Lettmaier, A.J. Donaubauer, C. Bert, M. Schmidt, F. Kruse, O. Ott, M. Hecht, R. Fietkau, B. Frey, F: Putz, Low- vs. high-dose radiotherapy in Graves’ ophthalmopathy: A retrospective comparison of long-term results. Strahlenther. Onkol. 197(10), 885–894 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00066-021-01770-9
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
H.B. Burch, P. Perros, T. Bednarczuk, D.S. Cooper, P.J. Dolman, A.M. Leung, I. Mombaerts, M. Salvi, M.N. Stan, Management of Thyroid Eye Disease: A Consensus Statement by the American Thyroid Association and the European Thyroid Association. Eur. Thyroid J. 32(12), 1439–1470 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1530/ETJ-22-0189
G.J. Kahaly, H.P. Rösler, S. Pitz, G. Hommel, Low- versus high-dose radiotherapy for Graves’ ophthalmopathy: A randomized, single blind trial. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 85(1), 102–8 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem.85.1.6257
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
J. Gerling, G. Kommerell, K. Henne, J. Laubenberger, J. Schulte-Mönting, P. Fells, Retrobulbar irradiation for thyroid-associated orbitopathy: double-blind comparison between 2.4 and 16 Gy. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 55(1), 182–9 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1016/s0360-3016(02)03795-1
S.S. Donaldson, M.A. Bagshaw, J.P. Kriss, Supervoltage orbital radiotherapy for Graves’ ophthalmopathy. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 37(2), 276–85 (1973). https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem-37-2-276
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
E. Sisti, F. Menconi, M. Leo, M.A. Profilo, T. Mautone, B. Mazzi, R. Rocchi, F. Latrofa, M. Nardi, P. Vitti, C. Marcocci, M. Marinò, Long-term outcome of Graves’ orbitopathy following high-dose intravenous glucocorticoids and orbital radiotherapy. J. Endocrinol. Invest. 38(6), 661–8 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40618-015-0241-7
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
L. Nicosia, C. Reverberi, L. Agolli, L. Marinelli, V. De Sanctis, G. Minniti, M. Valeriani, M.F. Osti, Orbital radiotherapy plus concomitant steroids in moderate-to-severe Graves’ ophthalmopathy: Good results after long-term follow-up. Int. J. Endocrinol. Metab. 27 17(1), e84427 (2019). https://doi.org/10.5812/ijem.84427
M.F. Prummel, M.P. Mourits, L. Blank, A. Berghout, L. Koornneef, W.M: Wiersinga, Randomized double-blind trial of prednisone versus radiotherapy in Graves’ ophthalmopathy. Lancet 16 342(8877), 949–54 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1016/0140-6736(93)92001-a
S. Zang, K.A. Ponto, G.J. Kahaly, Clinical review: Intravenous glucocorticoids for Graves’ orbitopathy: Efficacy and morbidity. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 96(2), 320–32 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2010-1962
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
L. Bartalena, C. Marcocci, L. Chiovato, M. Laddaga, G. Lepri, D. Andreani, G. Cavallacci, L. Baschieri, A. Pinchera, Orbital cobalt irradiation combined with systemic corticosteroids for Graves’ ophthalmopathy: Comparison with systemic corticosteroids alone. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 56(6), 1139–1144 (1983). https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem-56-6-1139
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
C.M. Ng, H.K. Yuen, K.L. Choi, M.K. Chan, K.T. Yuen, Y.W. Ng, S.C. Tiu, Combined orbital irradiation and systemic steroids compared with systemic steroids alone in the management of moderate-to-severe Graves’ ophthalmopathy: a preliminary study. Hong. Kong Med. J. 11(5), 322–30 (2005)
C. Marcocci, L. Bartalena, F. Bogazzi, G. Bruno-Bossio, A. Lepri, A. Pinchera, Orbital radiotherapy combined with high dose systemic glucocorticoids is more effective than radiotherapy alone:. results of a prospective randomized study. J. Endocrinol. Invest. 14, 853–860 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03347943
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
M. Oeverhaus, T. Witteler, H. Lax, J. Esser, D. Führer, A. Eckstein, Combination therapy of intravenous steroids and orbital irradiation is more effective than intravenous steroids alone in patients with Graves’ orbitopathy. Horm. Metab. Res. 49(10), 739–747 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-116945
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
L. Bartalena, C. Marcocci, M.L. Tanda, R. Rocchi, B. Mazzi, G. Barbesino, A. Pinchera, Orbital radiotherapy for Graves’ ophthalmopathy. Thyroid 12(3), 245–50 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1089/105072502753600223
C.A. Gorman, J.A. Garrity, V. Fatourechi, R.S. Bahn, I.A. Petersen, S.L. Stafford, J.D. Earle, G.S. Forbes, R.W. Kline, H. Buettner, D.M. Robertson, E.J. Bergstralh, K.P. Offord, D.M. Rademacher, N.M. Stanley, G.B. Bartley, The aftermath of orbital radiotherapy for graves’ ophthalmopathy. Ophthalmology 109(11), 2100–7 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1016/s0161-6420(02)01293-9
J.W. Kim, S.H. Han, B.J. Son, T.H. Rim, K.C. Keum, J.S. Yoon, Efficacy of combined orbital radiation and systemic steroids in the management of Graves’ orbitopathy. Graefes Arch. Clin. Exp. Ophthalmol. 254(5), 991–998 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-016-3280-7
E. Hahn, N. Laperriere, B. Millar, J. Oestreicher, H. McGowan, H. Krema, H. Gill, D. DeAngelis, J. Hurwitz, N. Tucker, R. Simpson, C: Chung, Orbital radiation therapy for Graves’ ophthalmopathy: Measuring clinical efficacy and impact. Pract. Radiat. Oncol. 4(4), 233–9 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prro.2014.02.008
C. Matthiesen, J.S. Thompson, D. Thompson, B. Farris, B. Wilkes, S. Ahmad, T. Herman, C. Bogardus Jr, The efficacy of radiation therapy in the treatment of Graves’ orbitopathy. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 82(1), 117–23 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrobp.2010.08.053
Y.J. Li, Y. Luo, X.Q. Xie, W.M. He, C. Yi, P. Li, F. Wang, The efficacy of intensity modulated radiation therapy in treating thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy and predictive factors for treatment response. Sci. Rep. 7, 17533 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-17893-y
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
R.S. Prabhu, L. Liebman, T. Wojno, B. Hayek, W.A. Hall, I. Crocker, Clinical outcomes of radiotherapy as initial local therapy for Graves’ ophthalmopathy and predictors of the need for post-radiotherapy decompressive surgery. Radiat. Oncol. 19(7), 95 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1186/1748-717X-7-95
J. Choi, J. Lee, Efficacy of orbital radiotherapy in moderate-to-severe active graves’ orbitopathy including long-lasting disease: a retrospective analysis. Radiat. Oncol. 15(1), 220 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13014-020-01663-8
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
L. Baldeschi, A. Lupetti, P. Vu, I.M. Wakelkamp, M.F. Prummel, W.M. Wiersinga, Reactivation of Graves’ orbitopathy after rehabilitative orbital decompression. Ophthalmology 114(7), 1395–402 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2006.10.036
留言 (0)