Available online 8 February 2024, 101521

Author links open overlay panel, , Section snippetsConflict of Interest and Source of Funding

The authors report no conflicts with any product mentioned or concept discussed in this article. This work was supported by the Gachon University Gil Medical Center (grant no., FRD2021-14).

Author Contributions

J.L. interpreted the results and drafted the manuscript. I.C.H. designed the study, interpreted the results, and edited the manuscript. H.Y.A. analyzed the data and interpreted the results. All authors approved the final manuscript.

Data Availability: The microdata and analytical guidelines used in this study can be downloaded from the Korea National Health Examination & Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) website.

Ethics

All participants provided written informed consent, and researchers followed the guidelines set forth in the Declaration of Helsinki. The Institutional Review Board (IRB) of Gachon University Gil Medical Center (IRB no. GCIRB2023-457) approved the study protocol.

CRediT authorship contribution statement

JaeHyuck Lee: Writing – original draft, Investigation. In Cheol Hwang: Writing – review & editing, Supervision, Methodology, Investigation, Funding acquisition, Data curation, Conceptualization. Hong Yup Ahn: Writing – review & editing, Methodology, Investigation, Formal analysis, Data curation.

Declaration of competing interest

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

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