Author Affiliations: Department of Information Management and Institute of Healthcare Information Management, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi County, and Department of Emergency Medicine, Chiayi Branch, Taichung Veteran's General Hospital (Tsai); and Department of Information Management and Asian Institute for Impact Measurement and Management, National Central University, Taoyuan City (Hu), Taiwan.

This research was supported in part by the Ministry of Science and Technology (grant MOST 109-2410-H-008-059-MY2) and the Taichung Veteran's General Hospital, Chiayi Branch (grant RVHCY109002). This study is based in part on data from the database of health information system provided by the Taichung Veteran's General Hospital, Chiayi Branch. The interpretation and conclusions contained herein do not represent the position of the Taichung Veteran's General Hospital, Chiayi Branch. The funders of the research had no role in the design and conduct of the study, interpretation of the data, or decision to submit for publication.

The authors have disclosed that they have no significant relationships with, or financial interest in, any commercial companies pertaining to this article.

Corresponding author: Ya-Han Hu, PhD, Department of Information Management, National Central University, No. 300, Zhongda Rd, Zhongli District, Taoyuan City 320317, Taiwan (R.O.C.) ([email protected]).

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