Seongkum Heo, PhD, RN, is professor, Georgia Baptist College of Nursing, Mercer University, Atlanta.

Sun Hwa Kim, PhD, RN, is nurse, Department of Nursing, Hanyang University Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea.

Ran Heo, PhD, MD, is associate professor, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.

KyungAh Cho, MSN, RN, is doctoral candidate, College of Nursing, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea.

Jisun Yang, MSN, RN, is nurse, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, South Korea.

Hee Ryang Kim, PhD, RN, is assistant professor, Department of Nursing, DaeKyeung University, Gyeongsan-si, South Korea.

Minjeong An, PhD, RN, is associate professor, Chonnam National University College of Nursing, Gwangju, South Korea.

JungHee Kang, PhD, MPH, RN, is postdoctoral scholar, RICH Heart Program, College of Nursing, University of Kentucky, Lexington.

JinShil Kim, PhD, RN, is professor, College of Nursing, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea.

Address correspondence to JinShil Kim, PhD, RN, College of Nursing, Gachon University, 191 Hambakmeoro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, South Korea ([email protected]).

The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose.

This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF-2021R1A2C2009491). The funding agency was not involved in study design; in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; and in the decision to submit the article for publication.