Production and purification of Clostridium perfringens type C beta-toxin and IgG and IgY antitoxins

The beta-toxin produced by Clostridium perfringens types B and C causes necrotic enteritis characterized by extensive necrotic and hemorrhagic enteritis, frequent neurological signs, and sudden death in animals and, rarely, humans [[1], [2], [3], [4]]. The laboratory diagnosis of necrotic enteritis is commonly based on detecting beta-toxins in the intestinal contents of affected animals [2,3]. In contrast, prophylaxis for this disease is mainly based on the immunization of animals using vaccines with high concentrations of inactivated toxins [2,4]. The evaluation and development of diagnostic tests and clostridial vaccines involves immunoreagents, such as beta-toxin and standard antitoxin. The production of these inputs is a major obstacle faced by the industry, making the work of laboratories and official agencies difficult [5]. Also, ensuring a certain level of purity of immunoreagents is essential for vaccine development, diagnostic methods, and quality control. Thus, this study aimed to produce and purify the beta-toxin from C. perfringens type C and immunize sheep and chickens with this toxin to obtain purified immunoglobulin G (IgG) and Y (IgY), respectively.

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