—Serum bone turnover markers in CON (n = 18) and INT (n = 18). (a) Serum P1NP values before and after the 18-week intervention period. The circles with error bars represent mean ± SD, and the gray lines represent individual cases. (b) Absolute changes in serum P1NP values over the 18-week intervention period. The circles indicate individual cases (white = CON, black = INT), and the black bars indicate mean ± SD. (c) Serum CTX-I values before and after the 18-week intervention period. (d) Absolute changes in serum CTX-I values over the 18-week intervention period. INT = intervention group; CON = no-treatment control group; P1NP = procollagen Type I N propeptide; CTX-I = carboxy-terminal cross-linking telopeptide of Type I collagen.

Citation: International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism 34, 1; 10.1123/ijsnem.2023-0080