Ahmed Alasker

College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences; Department of Urology, King Abdulaziz Medical City; Department of Medicine, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center

Turki Alnafisah

College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences

Mohammad Alghafees

College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences

Belal Sabbah

College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Areez Shafqat

College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Abdullah Alhaider

Department of Urology, King Abdulaziz Medical City

Abdulrahman Alsayyari

Department of Urology, King Abdulaziz Medical City.

Naif Althonayan

Department of Urology, King Abdulaziz Medical City

Mohammed AlOtaibi

College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences

Fisal Aldokhel

College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences

Salman Bin Ofisan

College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University. Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia

Saud Alawad

College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University. Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia

Keywords

Kidney Cancer; Renal Cell Carcinoma; Clear Cell RCC; Chromophobe RCC; Papillary RCC

Abstract

This retrospective study aims to describe the characteristics of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in Saudi Arabia, in terms of epidemiology, clinical presentation, tumor subtype, Fuhrman grade, tumor size and stage, and overall survival. A total of 431 adult patients with a histopathological diagnosis of RCC between 2015 and 2023 were included in the analysis. Most patients (72.4%) had clear cell tumors, followed by chromophobe (15.1%) and papillary (12.5%) subtypes. In males, papillary RCC (85.2%) was more common compared to clear cell (59.8%) and chromophobe (67.7%) subtypes. Significant differences were observed in median body mass index (BMI) across tumor subtypes, and papillary tumor patients exhibited the highest incidence of hematuria (33.3%) compared to other subtypes. The Fuhrman grade also varied significantly among RCC types. Survival times were found to be lower for patients with papillary tumors. No significant difference was observed based on patients’ nationality. This study can inform clinical decision-making on patient prognosis and management as well as public health efforts aimed at reducing the alarming rise of RCC incidence.