BACKGROUND: 

Understanding factors that affect integration of NPs is likely to address barriers and provide reform strategies that shape a cost-effective, sustainable, accessible, and efficient health care system. There are a limited number of current and high-quality studies examining the transition process of registered nurses (RNs) to nurse practitioners (NPs), especially in Canada.

PURPOSE: 

To explore the experiences of RNs transitioning to NPs in Canada.

METHODOLOGY: 

Thematic analysis of audio-recorded semi-structured interviews was conducted to explore the experiences of 17 RNs as they transitioned to NPs. A purposive sampling of 17 participants was completed in 2022.

RESULTS: 

Six main themes emerged from analysis of 17 interviews. The content of themes varied according to NPs' years of experience and the NP school they attended.

CONCLUSIONS: 

Peer support and mentorship programs were facilitators in the transition from RN to NP. Conversely, shortcomings in education, financial stressors, and the lack of NP role definition were seen as barriers. Legislation and regulations supportive of NPs, diverse and comprehensive education, and improved availability of mentorship programs may strengthen transition facilitators and help NPs overcome related barriers.

IMPLICATIONS: 

Legislation and regulations supportive of the NP role are needed, focusing on defining the NP role and establishing an independent and consistent remuneration structure for NPs. A more in-depth and diversified educational curriculum is needed, with increased support from faculty and educators and continual encouragement of initiation and perpetuation of peer support. A mentorship program is beneficial to reduce transition shock from the role of the RN to the NP.