The important role of miR-770 as a novel potential diagnostic and therapeutic target for human cancer and other diseases

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small single-stranded non-coding RNAs that are approximately 22 nucleotides long and are expressed in a tissue-specific manner [1], [2]. Mounting evidence has demonstrated that different types of miRNAs are expressed in various tissues. Additionally, diverse functions have been reported for miRNAs in the development and in other biological pathways [3], [4]. MiRNAs play key roles in gene silencing and post-transcriptional gene regulation [5], [6]. Gene silencing occurs via mRNA degradation or prevention of mRNA translation. It occurs via a complementary sequence, the AU-rich element in the 3′UTR of different unstable mRNAs such as granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) or tumor necrosis factor (TNF) [7], [8]. Interaction with the 3′ UTR of target transcripts can occur via interaction with the miRNA critical seed region in nucleotide 2–7 of their 5′UTR [9]. MiRNAs have a wide variety of different functions in developmental and pathological conditions. Most notably, circulating miRNAs have recently attracted attention of researchers for their emerging role in human cancers and other disorders [10], [11], [12]. Many of these miRNAs have been demonstrated to participate in the occurrence and development of cancer through direct or indirect pathways. They can be used as tools for resistance detection to chemo- or radiotherapy, and also subtype classification of tumors [13], [14]. Additionally, various biological processes including tumorigenesis, and immune responses are regulated by miRNAs [15], [16]. MiRNAs can be used as targets for diagnosis and therapeutic approaches for various cancers [17], [18], and their aberrant expression is associated with different human diseases [19].

MiR-770 is an example of miRNAs with different roles in both neoplastic and non-neoplastic conditions. MiR-770 is located on chromosome 14q32.2 and has various functional associations with biological entities and pathways. This miRNA has been shown to have tumor suppressive and oncogenic activities in cancers. In the present review, we have obtained the miR-770 target genes, ontology, and related pathways. Additionally, we have summarized the role of miR-770 in cancers and other human diseases and explained its possible therapeutic implications.

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