Siegel RL, Miller KD, Jemal A. Cancer statistics, 2016. CA Cancer J Clin. 2016;66(1):7–30.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Kennecke H, Yerushalmi R, Woods R, et al. Metastatic behavior of breast cancer subtypes. J Clin Oncol. 2010;28(20):3271–7.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Pan H, Gray R, Braybrooke J, et al. EBCTCG. 20-Year Risks of Breast-Cancer Recurrence after Stopping Endocrine Therapy at 5 Years. N Engl J Med. 2017;377(19):1836–46.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Pesapane F, Downey K, Rotili A, Cassano E, Koh DM. Imaging diagnosis of metastatic breast cancer. Insights Imaging. 2020;11(1):79.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Amin MB, Greene FL, Edge SB, et al. The Eighth Edition AJCC Cancer staging Manual: continuing to build a bridge from a population-based to a more “personalized” approach to cancer staging. CA Cancer J Clin. 2017;67(2):93–9.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

RCR. Guidance on screening and symptomatic breast imaging. Fourth Edition. Royal College of Radiologists. 2019. https://www.rcr.ac.uk/system/files/publication/field_publication_files/bfcr199-guidance-on-screening-and-symptomatic-breast-imaging.pdf. Accessed 24 Jan 2021.

van Uden DJP, Prins MW, Siesling S, et al. [18F]FDG PET/CT in the staging of inflammatory breast cancer: a systematic review. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2020;151:102943.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Gradishar WJ, Anderson BO, Balassanian R, et al. NCCN Guidelines Insights breast Cancer, Version 1.2016. J Natl Compr Canc Netw. 2015;13(12):1475–85.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

National institute of Health and Care Excellence. Advanced breast cancer: diagnosis and treatment. NICE; 2009. https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/cg81/chapter/Recommendations. Accessed 24 Jan 2020.

Cardoso F, Senkus E, Costa A, et al. 4th ESO-ESMO International Consensus Guidelines for advanced breast Cancer (ABC 4)†. Ann Oncol. 2018;29(8):1634–57.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Park YH, Senkus-Konefka E, Im SA, et al. Pan-asian adapted ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for the management of patients with early breast cancer: a KSMO-ESMO initiative endorsed by CSCO, ISMPO, JSMO, MOS, SSO and TOS. Ann Oncol. 2020;31(4):451–69.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Pagani O, Senkus E, Wood W, et al. International guidelines for management of metastatic breast cancer: can metastatic breast cancer be cured? J Natl Cancer Inst. 2010;102(7):456–63.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Drotman MB, Machnicki SC, Schwartz LH, et al. Breast cancer: assessing the use of routine pelvic CT in patient evaluation. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2001;176(6):1433–6.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Woolf DK, Padhani AR, Makris A. Assessing response to treatment of bone metastases from breast cancer: what should be the standard of care? Ann Oncol. 2015;26(6):1048–57.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Ben-Haim S, Israel O. Breast cancer: role of SPECT and PET in imaging bone metastases. Semin Nucl Med. 2009;39(6):408–15.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Schwartz LH, Seymour L, Litière S, et al. RECIST 1.1 - standardisation and disease-specific adaptations: perspectives from the RECIST Working Group. Eur J Cancer. 2016;62:138–45.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Ulaner GA. PET/CT for patients with breast Cancer: where is the clinical impact? AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2019;213(2):254–65.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Leithner D, Moy L, Morris EA, et al. Abbreviated MRI of the breast: does it provide Value? J Magn Reson Imaging. 2019;49(7):e85–e100.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Winfield JM, Blackledge MD, Tunariu N, et al. Whole-body MRI: a practical guide for imaging patients with malignant bone disease. Clin Radiol. 2021;76(10):715–27.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Li J, Ma C, Chen Y, et al. The feasibility of a fast liver MRI protocol for lesion detection of adults at 3.0-T. Front Oncol. 2021;4:11:586343.

Article  Google Scholar 

Satchwell L, Wedlake L, Greenlay E, et al. Development of machine learning support for reading whole body diffusion-weighted MRI (WB-MRI) in myeloma for the detection and quantification of the extent of disease before and after treatment (MALIMAR): protocol for a cross-sectional diagnostic test accuracy study. BMJ Open. 2022;12(10):e067140.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Harada T, Tanigawa N, Matsuki M, et al. Evaluation of lymph node metastases of breast cancer using ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. Eur J Radiol. 2007;3:401–7.

Article  Google Scholar 

Buscombe JR, Holloway B, Roche N, et al. Position of nuclear medicine modalities in the diagnostic work-up of breast cancer. Q J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2004;48(2):109–18.

CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Brenner AI, Koshy J, Morey J, et al. The bone scan. Semin Nucl Med. 2012;42(1):11–26.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Clamp A, Danson S, Nguyen H, et al. Assessment of therapeutic response in patients with metastatic bone disease. Lancet Oncol. 2004;5(10):607–16.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Galasko CS. Diagnosis of skeletal metastases and assessment of response to treatment. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1995;312:64–75.

Google Scholar 

Janicek MJ, Hayes DF, Kaplan WD. Healing flare in skeletal metastases from breast cancer. Radiology. 1994;192(1):201–4.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Coleman RE, Mashiter G, Whitaker KB, et al. Bone scan flare predicts successful systemic therapy for bone metastases. J Nucl Med. 1988;29(8):1354–9.

CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Wong KK, Piert M. Dynamic bone imaging with 99mTc-labeled diphosphonates and 18F-NaF: mechanisms and applications. J Nucl Med. 2013;54(4):590–9.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Suzuki C, Jacobsson H, Hatschek T, et al. Radiologic measurements of tumor response to treatment: practical approaches and limitations. Radiographics. 2008;28(2):329–44.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Cook GJ, Houston S, Rubens R, et al. Detection of bone metastases in breast cancer by 18FDG PET: differing metabolic activity in osteoblastic and osteolytic lesions. J Clin Oncol. 1998;16(10):3375–9.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Constantinidou A, Martin A, Sharma B, et al. Positron emission tomography/computed tomography in the management of recurrent/metastatic breast cancer: a large retrospective study from the Royal Marsden Hospital. Ann Oncol. 2011;22(2):307–14.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Li Y, Jiang L, Wang H, et al. EFFECTIVE RADIATION DOSE OF 18F-FDG PET/CT: HOW MUCH DOES DIAGNOSTIC CT CONTRIBUTE? Radiat Prot Dosimetry. 2019;187(2):183–90.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Al-Esaei AM, Khalil MM, El Shazly RM, et al. Assessment of Radiation exposure dose for Nuclear Medicine Workers from 18F-FDG, 99mTc MDP, and 99mTc. Curr Radiopharm. 2022;15(4):320–6.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Lee CI, Gold LS, Nelson HD, et al. Comparative effectiveness of imaging modalities to determine metastatic breast cancer treatment response. Breast. 2015;24(1):3–11.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Chakrabarti K, Swartz L, Gill A, et al. Development of CNS metastases in breast cancer patients treated with curative intent: a case-control study. CNS Oncol. 2020;9(3):61.

Article  Google Scholar 

Chamberlain MC, Sandy AD, Press GA. Leptomeningeal metastasis: a comparison of gadolinium-enhanced MR and contrast-enhanced CT of the brain. Neurology. 1990;40:435–8.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Mathews VP, Caldemeyer KS, Lowe MJ, et al. Brain: gadolinium-enhanced fast fluid-attenuated inversion-recovery MR imaging. Radiology. 1999;211(1):257–63.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Do C, DeAguero J, Brearley A, et al. Gadolinium-Based contrast Agent Use, their safety, and practice evolution. Kidney360. 2020;1(6):561–8.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Rohren EM, Provenzale JM, Barboriak DP, et al. Screening for cerebral metastases with FDG PET in patients undergoing whole-body staging of non-central nervous system malignancy. Radiology. 2003;226(1):181–7.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Sheafor DH, Frederick MG, Paulson EK, et al. Comparison of unenhanced, hepatic arterial-dominant, and portal venous-dominant phase helical CT for the detection of liver metastases in women with breast carcinoma. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1999;172(4):961–8.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar