Application of response surface methodology on efficiency of fig leaf activated carbon for removal of methylene blue dye

Document Type : Original Research Article

Authors

Department of Chemistry, College of Science for Women, University of Babylon, Hillah, Iraq

Abstract

Fig leaves that have fallen off the tree are a common agricultural waste in Iraq. In this study, a very common used dye "methylene blue (MB)", was tested to be removed using a low-adsorbent "fig leaves activated carbon, FGAC" from its solution. The adsorbent was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET). Using response surface methodology software, the effects of the quantity of activated carbon, the concentration of methylene blue, the pH of the solution, and the duration of agitation were examined. The variables that were looked at included the amount of activated carbon (0.02-0.1 g), methylene blue dye concentration levels (20–100 mg/L), sample solution (25-100 mL), pH solution (4–11), carbonization temperature (150 C°-550 C°) and contact time (20–60 min). Variance analysis was investigated to test the model's efficacy. The greatest MB removal efficiency was achieved by combining the effects of activated carbon quantity and solution pH, activated carbon amount and agitation time, and pH solution and agitation duration. Several contemporaneous interactions produced less striking outcomes. The ideal activated carbon amount, methylene blue concentration, contact time, pH solution, sample volume and carbonization temperature were 0.1 g, 75 mg/L, 60 min, pH 7, 25 mL and 350 C°, respectively to give 99.5% as the high removal efficiency for MB under ideal conditions, and the equilibrium adsorption isotherms and kinetics were examined. The experimental data were analyzed using the adsorption models of Langmuir and Freundlich.

Graphical Abstract

Application of response surface methodology on efficiency of fig leaf activated carbon for removal of methylene blue dye

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