Iacobino A, Fattorini L, Giannoni F. Drug-resistant tuberculosis 2020: where we stand. Appl Sci. 2020;10(6):2153.
Asgedom SW, Teweldemedhin M, Gebreyesus H. Prevalence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis and associated factors in Ethiopia: a systematic review. J Pathogens. 2018;2018:7104921.
Lange C, Chesov D, Heyckendorf J, Leung CC, Udwadia Z, Dheda K. Drug-resistant tuberculosis: an update on disease burden, diagnosis and treatment. Respirology. 2018;23(7):656–73.
Mazurek GH. Division of tuberculosis elimination, national center for HIV, STD, and TB prevention, centers for disease control and prevention (CDC). Guidelines for using the QuantiFERON-TB gold test for detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, United States. MMWR Recomm Rep. 2005;54:49–55.
Global Tuberculosis Report 2022. https://www.who.int/teams/global-tuberculosis-programme/tb-reports/global-tuberculosis-report-2022.
Baya B, Achenbach CJ, Kone B, Toloba Y, Dabitao DK, Diarra B, et al. Clinical risk factors associated with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) in Mali. IJID. 2019;81:149–55.
Xi Y, Zhang W, Qiao R-J, Tang J. Risk factors for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: a worldwide systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS ONE. 2022;17(6): e0270003.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Miller LG, Asch SM, Yu EI, Knowles L, Gelberg L, Davidson P. A population-based survey of tuberculosis symptoms: how atypical are atypical presentations? Clin Infect Dis. 2000;30(2):293–9.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Suárez I, Fünger SM, Kröger S, Rademacher J, Fätkenheuer G, Rybniker J. The diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis. DÄ International. 2019;116(43)
Hsu D, Irfan M, Jabeen K, Iqbal N, Hasan R, Migliori GB, et al. Post tuberculosis treatment infectious complications. IJID. 2020;92:S41–5.
Wang W, Wang J, Zhao Q, Darling ND, Yu M, Zhou B, et al. Contribution of rural-to-urban migration in the prevalence of drug resistant tuberculosis in China. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis ESCMID. 2011;30(4):581–6.
Timire C, Metcalfe JZ, Chirenda J, Scholten JN, Manyame-Murwira B, Ngwenya M, et al. Prevalence of drug-resistant tuberculosis in Zimbabwe: a health facility-based cross-sectional survey. IJID. 2019;87:119–25.
Ahmad N, Javaid A, Sulaiman SA, Ming LC, Ahmad I, Khan AH. Resistance patterns, prevalence, and predictors of fluoroquinolones resistance in multidrug resistant tuberculosis patients. Braz J Infect Dis SBI. 2016;20(1):41–7.
Mohammed KAS, Khudhair GS, Bekheet A-R. Prevalence and drug resistance pattern of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolated from tuberculosis patients in Basra, Iraq. Pol J Microbiol. 2022;71(2):205–15.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Hu Y, Mathema B, Zhao Q, Chen L, Lu W, Wang W, et al. Acquisition of second-line drug resistance and extensive drug resistance during recent transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in rural China. Clin Microbiol Infect ESCMID. 2015;21(12):1093.
Mazahir R, Beig FK, Ahmed Z, Alam S. Burden of tuberculosis among household children of adult multi drug resistant patients and their response to first line anti tubercular drugs. Egypt Pediatr Assoc Gazette. 2017;65(4):122–6.
Ayaz A, Hasan Z, Jafri S, Inayat R, Mangi R, Channa AA, et al. Characterizing Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from Karachi, Pakistan: drug resistance and genotypes. IJID. 2012;16(4):e303–9.
Al-Dabbagh M, Lapphra K, McGloin R, Inrig K, Schaaf HS, Marais BJ, et al. Drug-resistant tuberculosis: pediatric guidelines. PIDJ. 2011;30(6):501–5.
Yang Y, Zhou C, Shi L, Meng H, Yan H. Prevalence and characterization of drug-resistant tuberculosis in a local hospital of Northeast China. IJID. 2014;22:83–6.
Magula NP, Madala ND, Kriel Y, Bayi V, Duze NP, Manzini TC, et al. Prevalence of drug resistant tuberculosis in patients presenting with a large pericardial effusion at King Edward VIII Hospital. IJID. 2014;21:87.
Mahabeer P, Khan M, Mlisana K. Drug-resistant tuberculosis in children less than 5 years old with culture positive mycobacterium tuberculosis. IJID. 2016;45:212–3.
Berberian G, Gonzalez S, Reijtman V, Miño N, Casimir L, Sarkis C, et al. Seventeen years of drug-resistant tuberculosis in Argentinian children. IJID. 2016;45:387.
Singhal R, Arora J, Sah GC, Bhalla M, Sarin R, Prasad MV. Frequency of multi-drug resistance and mutations in Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from Punjab state of India. J Epidemiol Glob Health. 2017;7(3):175–80.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Prakash R, Kumar D, Gupta VK, Jain S, Chauhan DS, Tiwari PK, et al. Status of multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) among the Sahariya tribe of North Central India. J Infect Public Health. 2016;9(3):289–97.
Dujaili JA, Blebil AQ, Dujaili MA, Awaisu A, Hassali MA, Syed Sulaiman SA. Prevelance of pulmonary tuberculosis and multi drug resistant tuberculosis patients in baghdad, Iraq. Value Health. 2013;16(3):A82.
Santos LC, Bousquet Hde M, Pereira AM, Junqueira-Kipnis AP, Kipnis A. A high prevalence of resistance in new tuberculosis cases of midwestern Brazil. Infect Genet Evol. 2010;10(7):1052–7.
Kontsevaya I, Nikolayevskyy V, Kovalyov A, Ignatyeva O, Sadykhova A, Simak T, et al. Tuberculosis cases caused by heterogeneous infection in Eastern Europe and their influence on outcomes. Infect Genet Evol. 2017;48:76–82.
Bhembe NL, Green E. Molecular epidemiological study of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis isolated from sputum samples in Eastern Cape, South Africa. Infect Genet Evol. 2020;80: 104182.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Ghebremichael S, Petersson R, Koivula T, Pennhag A, Romanus V, Berggren I, et al. Molecular epidemiology of drug-resistant tuberculosis in Sweden. Microbes Infect. 2008;10(6):699–705.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Montoro E, Lemus D, Echemendía M, Armas L, González-Ochoa E, Llanes MJ, et al. Drug-resistant tuberculosis in Cuba results of the three global projects. Tuberculosis. 2006;86(3–4):319–23.
Pardini M, Niemann S, Varaine F, Iona E, Meacci F, Orrù G, et al. Characteristics of drug-resistant tuberculosis in Abkhazia (Georgia), a high-prevalence area in Eastern Europe. Tuberculosis. 2009;89(4):317–24.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Jiao W-W, Liu Z-G, Han R, Zhao X-Q, Dong F, Dong H-Y, et al. Prevalence of drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis among children in China. Tuberculosis. 2015;95(3):315–20.
Brandao AP, Pinhata JMW, Simonsen V, Oliveira RS, Ghisi KT, Rabello MCS, et al. Transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis presenting unusually high discordance between genotypic and phenotypic resistance to rifampicin in an endemic tuberculosis setting. Tuberculosis. 2020;125: 102004.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Van Rie A, Warren R, Richardson M, Gie RP, Enarson DA, Beyers N, et al. Classification of drug-resistant tuberculosis in an epidemic area. Lancet. 2000;356(9223):22–5.
Chand K, Tewari S, Varghese S. Prevalence of drug resistant tuberculosis in armed forces-study from a tertiary referral chest diseases hospital at Pune. MJAFI. 2000;56(2):130–4.
Ismail NA, Mvusi L, Nanoo A, Dreyer A, Omar SV, Babatunde S, et al. Prevalence of drug-resistant tuberculosis and imputed burden in South Africa: a national and sub-national cross-sectional survey. Lancet Infect Dis. 2018;18(7):779–87.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Daniel O, Osman E. Prevalence and risk factors associated with drug resistant TB in South West, Nigeria. Asian Pac J Trop Med. 2011;4(2):148–51.
Wang G, Peng YL, Zhang G, Zhang L, Xing J, Li D, et al. Sample survey of drug-resistant tuberculosis in Henan, China, 1996. Respirology. 2002;7(1):67–72.
Hannan MM, Peres H, Maltez F, Hayward AC, Machado J, Morgado A, et al. Investigation and control of a large outbreak of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis at a central Lisbon hospital. J Hosp Infect. 2001;47(2):91–7.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Wu B, Zhang L, Liu Z, He H, Pan A, Wang F, et al. Drug-resistant tuberculosis in Zhejiang Province, China: an updated analysis of time trends, 1999–2013. Glob Health Action. 2017;10(1):1293925.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Phyu S, Lwin T, Ti T, Maung W, Mar WW, Shein SS, et al. Drug-resistant tuberculosis in Yangon, Myanmar. Scand J Infect Dis. 2005;37(11–12):846–51.
Hu Y, Mathema B, Wang W, Hoffner S, Kreiswirth B, Xu B. Prevalence of multidrug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis in counties with different duration of DOTS implementation in rural China. Microb Drug Resist. 2008;14(3):227–32.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Shah MA, Shah I. Increasing prevalence of pediatric drug-resistant tuberculosis in Mumbai, India, and its outcome. PIDJ. 2018;37(12):1261–3.
Ignatova A, Dubiley S, Stepanshina V, Shemyakin I. Predominance of multi-drug-resistant LAM and Beijing family strains among Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates recovered from prison inmates in Tula Region, Russia. J Med Microbiol. 2006;55(10):1413–8.
留言 (0)