Human Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, and Excretion Studies: Origins, Innovations, and Importance [50th Anniversary Celebration Collection Special Section on Perspective on Drug Metabolism and Disposition, Part I-Minireview]

Abstract

Human absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (hADME) studies represent one of the most important clinical studies in terms of obtaining a comprehensive and quantitative overview of the total disposition of a drug. This article will provide background on the origins of hADME studies as well as provide an overview of technological innovations that have impacted how hADME studies are carried out and analyzed. An overview of the current state of the art for hADME studies will be provided, the impacts of advances in technology and instrumentation on the timing of and approaches to hADME studies will be discussed, and a summary of the parameters and information obtained from these studies will be offered. Additionally, aspects of the ongoing debate over the importance of animal absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion studies versus a “human-first, human-only strategy” will be presented. Along with the information above, this manuscript will highlight how, for over 50 years, Drug Metabolism and Disposition has served as an important outlet for the reporting of hADME studies.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Human absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (hADME) studies have and will continue to be important to the understanding and development of drugs. This manuscript provides a historical perspective on the origins of hADME studies as well as advancements resulting in the current-state-of the art practice for these studies.

FootnotesReceived June 23, 2022.Accepted March 23, 2023.

This work received no external funding.

No author has an actual or perceived conflict of interest with the contents of this article.

dx.doi.org/10.1124/dmd.122.001006.

Embedded ImageEmbedded ImageThis article has supplemental material available at dmd.aspetjournals.org.

Copyright © 2023 by The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics

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