cell cycle-dependent protein kinase

fragments per kilobase per million

head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

immune checkpoint blockade

immune checkpoint inhibitor

Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes

least absolute shrinkage and selection operator

oral squamous cell carcinoma

receiver operating characteristic

The Cancer Genome Atlas

tumour microenvironment

T-cell proliferation regulator

OSCC

Prognosis prediction model

Bioinformatics

Prognosis

Predictive gene signature

The datasets generated during and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

© 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.