Sex-Based Contributors to and Consequences of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder

Rezayat AA, Sahebdel S, Jafari S, Kabirian A, Rahnejat AM, Farahani RH, et al. Evaluating the prevalence of PTSD among children and adolescents after earthquakes and floods: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychiatr Q. 2020;91(4):1265–90.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Olff M. Sex and gender differences in post-traumatic stress disorder: an update. Eur J Psychotraumatol. 2017;8(sup4):1351204.

Article  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Hiscox LV, Bray S, Fraser A, Meiser-Stedman R, Seedat S, Halligan SL. Sex differences in the severity and natural recovery of child PTSD symptoms: a longitudinal analysis of children exposed to acute trauma. Psychol Med. 2022:1–7.

Haag K, Fraser A, Hiller R, Seedat S, Zimmerman A, Halligan SL. The emergence of sex differences in PTSD symptoms across development: evidence from the ALSPAC cohort. Psychol Med. 2020;50(10):1755–60.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Ditlevsen DN, Elklit A. The combined effect of gender and age on post traumatic stress disorder: do men and women show differences in the lifespan distribution of the disorder? Ann Gen Psychiatry. 2010;9(1):32.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Sağaltıcı E, Kocamer Şahin Ş, Alpak G, Altındağ A. (2022). Gender Differences in the Symptomatology of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder among Syrian Refugees Settled in a Camp in Turkey. Psychiatr Danub 34(2):253-262. https://doi.org/10.24869/psyd.2022.253. PMID: 35772135.

•• Nievergelt CM, Ashley-Koch AE, Dalvie S, Hauser MA, Morey RA, Smith AK, et al. Genomic approaches to posttraumatic stress disorder: the psychiatric genomic consortium initiative. Biol Psychiatry. 2018;83(10):831–9. This landmark genome-wide association study identified sex differences in both SNP-based heritability and specific genetic risk loci associated with a PTSD diagnosis.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Christiansen DM, Berke ET. Gender- and sex-based contributors to sex differences in PTSD. Curr Psychiatry Rep. 2020;22(4):19.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Nievergelt CM, Maihofer AX, Klengel T, Atkinson EG, Chen CY, Choi KW, et al. International meta-analysis of PTSD genome-wide association studies identifies sex- and ancestry-specific genetic risk loci. Nat Commun. 2019;10(1):4558.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Wendt FR, Pathak GA, Levey DF, Nunez YZ, Overstreet C, Tyrrell C, et al. Sex-stratified gene-by-environment genome-wide interaction study of trauma, posttraumatic-stress, and suicidality. Neurobiol Stress. 2021;14:100309.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Girgenti MJ, Wang J, Ji D, Cruz DA, Alvarez VE, Benedek D, et al. Transcriptomic organization of the human brain in post-traumatic stress disorder. Nat Neurosci. 2021;24(1):24–33.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Stone LA, Girgenti MJ, Wang J, Ji D, Zhao H, Krystal JH, et al. Cortical transcriptomic alterations in association with appetitive neuropeptides and body mass index in posttraumatic stress disorder. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol. 2021;24(2):118–29.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Nawijn L, Krzyzewska IM, van Zuiden M, Henneman P, Koch SBJ, Mul AN, et al. Oxytocin receptor gene methylation in male and female PTSD patients and trauma-exposed controls. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 2019;29(1):147–55.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

• Kim GS, Smith AK, Xue F, Michopoulos V, Lori A, Armstrong DL, et al. Methylomic profiles reveal sex-specific differences in leukocyte composition associated with post-traumatic stress disorder. Brain Behav Immun. 2019;81:280–91. This study found evidence for sex-specific differences in DNA methylation-based leukocyte composition associated with a lifetime history of PTSD.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Huckins LM, Chatzinakos C, Breen MS, Hartmann J, Klengel T, da Silva Almeida AC, et al. Analysis of genetically regulated gene expression identifies a prefrontal PTSD gene, SNRNP35, specific to military cohorts. Cell Rep. 2020;31(9): 107716.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Muniz Carvalho C, Wendt FR, Pathak GA, Maihofer AX, Stein DJ, Sumner JA, et al. Disentangling sex differences in the shared genetic architecture of posttraumatic stress disorder, traumatic experiences, and social support with body size and composition. Neurobiol Stress. 2021;15:100400. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ynstr.2021.100400.

Xie H, Claycomb Erwin M, Elhai JD, Wall JT, Tamburrino MB, Brickman KR, et al. Relationship of hippocampal volumes and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms over early posttrauma periods. Biological Psychiatry: Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging. 2018;3(11):968–75.

PubMed  Google Scholar 

Stein MB, Yuh E, Jain S, Okonkwo DO, Mac Donald CL, Levin H, et al. Smaller regional brain volumes predict posttraumatic stress disorder at 3 months after mild traumatic brain injury. Biological Psychiatry: Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging. 2021;6(3):352–9.

PubMed  Google Scholar 

• Roeckner AR, Sogani S, Michopoulos V, Hinrichs R, van Rooij SJH, Rothbaum BO, et al. Sex-dependent risk factors for PTSD: a prospective structural MRI study. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2022;47(13):2213–20. This is the first study to examine early post-trauma neuroimaging predictors for prospective PTSD in males and females.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Sun D, Rakesh G, Haswell CC, Logue M, Baird CL, O’Leary EN, et al. A comparison of methods to harmonize cortical thickness measurements across scanners and sites. Neuroimage. 2022;261:119509.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Sun D, Rakesh G, Clarke-Rubright EK, Haswell CC, Logue MW, O’Leary EN, et al. Remodeling of the cortical structural connectome in posttraumatic stress disorder: results from the ENIGMA-PGC posttraumatic stress disorder consortium. Biological Psychiatry: Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging. 2022;7(9):935–48.

PubMed  Google Scholar 

Clausen AN, Fercho KA, Monsour M, Disner S, Salminen L, Haswell CC, et al. Assessment of brain age in posttraumatic stress disorder: findings from the ENIGMA PTSD and brain age working groups. Brain and Behavior. 2022;12(1):e2413.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Lohr JB, Palmer BW, Eidt CA, Aailaboyina S, Mausbach BT, Wolkowitz OM, et al. Is post-traumatic stress disorder associated with premature senescence? A review of the literature. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2015;23(7):709–25.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Dennis EL, Disner SG, Fani N, Salminen LE, Logue M, Clarke EK, et al. Altered white matter microstructural organization in posttraumatic stress disorder across 3047 adults: results from the PGC-ENIGMA PTSD consortium. Mol Psychiatry. 2021;26(8):4315–30.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Suo X, Lei D, Li W, Sun H, Qin K, Yang J, et al. Psychoradiological abnormalities in treatment-naive noncomorbid patients with posttraumatic stress disorder. Depress Anxiety. 2022;39(1):83–91.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Averill LA, Jiang L, Purohit P, Coppoli A, Averill CL, Roscoe J, et al. Prefrontal glutamate neurotransmission in PTSD: a novel approach to estimate synaptic strength in vivo in humans. Chronic Stress. 2022;6:24705470221092736.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Luo Y, Qi R, Zhang L, Qing Z, Weng Y, Wang W, et al. Functional brain network topology in parents who lost their only child in China: post-traumatic stress disorder and sex effects. J Affect Disord. 2019;257:632–9.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Luo Y, Liu Y, Qing Z, Zhang L, Weng Y, Zhang X, et al. Sex differences in re-experiencing symptoms between husbands and wives who lost their only child in China: a resting-state functional connectivity study of hippocampal subfields. Front Hum Neurosci. 2021;15:655044.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

McGlade E, Rogowska J, DiMuzio J, Bueler E, Sheth C, Legarreta M, et al. Neurobiological evidence of sexual dimorphism in limbic circuitry of US veterans. J Affect Disord. 2020;274:1091–101.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Sippel LM, Flanagan JC, Holtzheimer PE, Moran-Santa-Maria MM, Brady KT, Joseph JE. Effects of intranasal oxytocin on threat- and reward-related functional connectivity in men and women with and without childhood abuse-related PTSD. Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging. 2021;317:111368.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Olff M, van Zuiden M. Neuroendocrine and neuroimmune markers in PTSD: pre-, peri- and post-trauma glucocorticoid and inflammatory dysregulation. Curr Opin Psychol. 2017;14:132–7.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

• Lalonde CS, Mekawi Y, Ethun KF, Beurel E, Gould F, Dhabhar FS, et al. Sex differences in peritraumatic inflammatory cytokines and steroid hormones contribute to prospective risk for nonremitting posttraumatic stress disorder. Chronic Stress. 2021;5:24705470211032208. This study examined whether sex is indirectly associated with the probability of developing PTSD through pro-inflammatory markers collected 3 hours post-trauma and whether this was contingent on steroid hormone levels.

Küffer A, Straus LD, Prather AA, Inslicht SS, Richards A, Shigenaga JK, et al. Altered overnight levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in men and women with posttraumatic stress disorder. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2019;102:114–20.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Bartholomew ME, Rozalski V, Richards A, Gurdock J, Thornton M, Fee C, et al. Impact of hormonal contraceptives on sex differences in fear conditioning and fear extinction in PTSD. Learn Mem. 2022;29(9):332–9.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Carmassi C, Marazziti D, Mucci F, Della Vecchia A, Barberi FM, Baroni S, et al. Decreased plasma oxytocin levels in patients with PTSD. Front Psychol. 2021;12:612338.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Tural U, Iosifescu DV. Neuropeptide Y in PTSD, MDD, and chronic stress: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Neurosci Res. 2020;98(5):950–63.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Richards A, Metzler TJ, Ruoff LM, Inslicht SS, Rao M, Talbot LS, et al. Sex differences in objective measures of sleep in post-traumatic stress disorder and healthy control subjects. J Sleep Res. 2013;22(6):679–87.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Otte C, Lenoci M, Metzler T, Yehuda R, Marmar CR, Neylan TC. Effects of metyrapone on hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and sleep in women with post-traumatic stress disorder. Biol Psychiatry. 2007;61(8):952–6.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Richards A, Inslicht SS, Yack LM, Metzler TJ, Russell Huie J, Straus LD, et al. The relationship of fear-potentiated startle and polysomnography-measured sleep in trauma-exposed men and women with and without PTSD: testing REM sleep effects and exploring the roles of an integrative measure of sleep, PTSD symptoms, and biological sex. Sleep. 2022;45(1):zsab271. https://doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsab271.

• Diamond PR, Airdrie JN, Hiller R, Fraser A, Hiscox LV, Hamilton-Giachritsis C, et al. Change in prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder in the two years following trauma: a meta-analytic study. Eur J Psychotraumatol. 2022;13(1):2066456. This meta-analysis of longitudinal studies identified female sex as a predictor of better recovery in the first 1–2 years posttrauma.

Article 

留言 (0)

沒有登入
gif