Effectiveness of Internet-based health management in patients with dyslipidemia: A four-year longitudinal study

Dyslipidemia typically refers to elevated serum cholesterol and/or triglyceride (TG) levels, but in fact, dyslipidemia also refers to low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) [1]. Dyslipidemia is an important risk factor for coronary artery disease and stroke, and it has emerged as a major public health issue worldwide due to the increased risk of cardiovascular disease and high morbidity development [2,3]. Owing to lifestyle changes resulting from China's rapid economic development, including increased tobacco consumption, unhealthy nutrition, and decreased physical activity [4], the prevalence of dyslipidemia has increased rapidly in China over the past few decades, and the number of cardiovascular diseases and events caused by dyslipidemia is expected to increase by 9.2 million between 2010 and 2030 [5]. Prevention and proper management of dyslipidemia can significantly alter cardiovascular morbidity and mortality [6].

Previous researches on dyslipidemia in Chinese individuals have reported low rates of awareness and control [[7], [8], [9]]. A prior systematic review of the epidemiology of dyslipidemia (2006–2011) found that awareness and control rates were 24.4% and 4.3% among Chinese people, respectively [9]. Opoku [10] et al. proposed comprehensive management of dyslipidemia. The preventive dimension must be placed on all strategies, with targeted and opportunistic screenings, health promotion programs that include poor lifestyle modification and good nutrition for effective and efficient management, since pharmacological treatment alone does not completely control dyslipidemia. David [11] et al. evaluated the management of dyslipidemia in the U.S. adult population based on the 1999–2000 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and showed that despite advances in the treatment of dyslipidemia and changes in guidelines over the past decade, dyslipidemia remains largely undiagnosed and undertreated, and adults who are not meeting their goals require more effective lipid management. The absence of effective follow-up monitoring and patient adherence to prescribed therapy is one of the reasons for the failure of these treatments [12]. As a result, continuous monitoring and management of patients with dyslipidemia are critical.

One possible solution to this challenge and a potential alternative and acceptable approach of offering cost-effective self-management education is the use of Internet-based self-management intervention [13]. The Internet is an essential source of health information and holds great potential for public health education. Telemedicine and eHealth, developed from the Internet and other related technologies, play a crucial role in promoting health care. Telemedicine has also proven to be effective in monitoring and tracking various chronic diseases (such as diabetes, asthma, heart failure, and hypertension) as well as weight loss [14]. This support is readily available in times of need [13].

This study used an Internet-based health management platform to deliver health guidance and education to persons with dyslipidemia, as well as analyze changes in health behaviors and the effectiveness of lipid management and control in these individuals.

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