aDepartment of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf

bDepartment of Surgery (A), University Hospital Duesseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf

cEpidemiology, IQVIA, Frankfurt, Germany

Received 9 February 2023 Accepted 3 March 2023.

*Sven H. Loosen and Sarah Krieg contributed equally to the writing of this article.

#Karel Kostev and Christoph Roderburg share last authorship.

Correspondence to Sven H Loosen, MD, Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, Duesseldorf 40225, Germany, Tel: +49 211 81 16630; fax: +49 211 81 04489; e-mail: [email protected]