1MGH Institute of Health Professions School of Nursing, Boston, Massachusetts,

2Center for Climate Change, Climate Justice, and Health, MGH Institute of Health Professions School of Nursing, Boston, Massachusetts

Correspondence: Patrice K. Nicholas, DNSc, DHL (Hon), MPH, MS, RN, NP-C, FAAN; E-mail: [email protected]

Competing interests: The authors report no conflicts of interest.

Authors' contributions: All authors contributed significantly to the conceptualization of this manuscript, development of the HIST clinical assessment tool, development of the manuscript, and review of drafts and final submission.