[1] Etzioni DA, Liu JH, Maggard MA, et al. The aging population and its impact on the surgery workforce. Ann Surg 2003; 238: 170−177. doi: 10.1097/01.SLA.0000081085.98792.3d [2] Falk V, Cheng DC, Martin J, et al. Minimally invasive versus open mitral valve surgery: a consensus statement of the international society of minimally invasive coronary surgery (ISMICS) 2010. Innovations (Phila) 2011; 6: 66−76. doi: 10.1097/imi.0b013e318216be5c [3] Casselman F, Aramendi J, Bentala M, et al. Endoaortic clamping does not increase the risk of stroke in minimal access mitral valve surgery: a multicenter experience. Ann Thorac Surg 2015; 100: 1334−1339. doi: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2015.04.003 [4] Barbero C, Krakor R, Bentala M, et al. Comparison of endoaortic and transthoracic aortic clamping in less-invasive mitral valve surgery. Ann Thorac Surg 2018; 105: 794−798. doi: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2017.09.054 [5] Collart F, Feier H, Kerbaul F, et al. Valvular surgery in octogenarians: operative risks factors, evaluation of Euroscore and long term results. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2005; 27: 276−280. doi: 10.1016/j.ejcts.2004.10.041 [6] Kolh P, Kerzmann A, Lahaye L, et al. Cardiac surgery in octogenarians; peri-operative outcome and long-term results. Eur Heart J 2001; 22: 1235−1243. doi: 10.1053/euhj.2000.2443 [7] Nishimura RA, Otto CM, Bonow RO, et al. 2017 AHA/ACC focused update of the 2014 AHA/ACC guideline for the management of patients with valvular heart disease: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines. Circulation 2017; 135: e1159−e1195. doi: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000000503 [8] Vahanian A, Alfieri O, Andreotti F, et al. Guidelines on the management of valvular heart disease (version 2012). Eur Heart J 2012; 33: 2451−2496. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehs109 [9] Barbero C, Marchetto G, Ricci D, et al. Right minithoracotomy for mitral valve surgery: impact of tailored strategies on early outcome. Ann Thorac Surg 2016; 102: 1989−1994. doi: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2016.04.104 [10] Barbero C, Marchetto G, Ricci D, et al. Steps forward in minimally invasive cardiac surgery: 10-year experience. Ann Thorac Surg 2019; 108: 1822−1829. doi: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2019.04.109 [11] Katz S, Ford AB, Moskowitz RW, et al. Studies of illness in the aged. The index of ADL: a standardized measure of biological and psychosocial function. JAMA 1963; 185: 914−919. doi: 10.1001/jama.1963.03060120024016 [12] Mlinac ME, Feng MC. Assessment of activities of daily living, self-care, and independence. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2016; 31: 506−516. doi: 10.1093/arclin/acw049 [13] Sacanella E, Pérez-Castejón JM, Nicolás JM, et al. Functional status and quality of life 12 months after discharge from a medical ICU in healthy elderly patients: a prospective observational study. Crit Care 2011; 15: R105. doi: 10.1186/cc10121 [14] Barbero C, Ricci D, El Qarra S, et al. Aortic cannulation system for minimally invasive mitral valve surgery. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2015; 149: 1669−1672. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2015.02.040 [15] Sansone F, Barbero C, Rinaldi M. Occlusion of both caval veins by an endovascular occluder. Heart Lung Circ 2012; 21: 275−277. doi: 10.1016/j.hlc.2012.03.003 [16] Ogłuszka M, Orzechowska M, Jędroszka D, et al. Evaluate cutpoints: adaptable continuous data distribution system for determining survival in Kaplan-Meier estimator. Comput Methods Programs Biomed 2019; 177: 133−139. doi: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2019.05.023 [17] Nkomo VT, Gardin JM, Skelton TN, et al. Burden of valvular heart diseases: a population-based study. Lancet 2006; 368: 1005−1011. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(06)69208-8 [18] Nishimura RA, Vahanian A, Eleid MF, et al. Mitral valve disease: current management and future challenges. Lancet 2016; 387: 1324−1334. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(16)00558-4 [19] Collart F, Feier H, Kerbaul F, et al. Valvular surgery in octogenarians: operative risks factors, evaluation of Euroscore and long term results. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2005; 27: 276−280. doi: 10.1016/j.ejcts.2004.10.041 [20] Grayburn PA, Sannino A, Packer M. Proportionate and disproportionate functional mitral regurgitation: a new conceptual framework that reconciles the results of the MITRA-FR and COAPT trials. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 2019; 12: 353−362. doi: 10.1016/j.jcmg.2018.11.006 [21] Moscarelli M, Cerillo A, Athanasiou T, et al. Minimally invasive mitral valve surgery in high-risk patients: operating outside the boxplot. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2016; 22: 756−761. doi: 10.1093/icvts/ivw038 [22] Seeburger J, Raschpichler M, Garbade J, et al. Minimally invasive mitral valve surgery in octogenarians: a brief report. Ann Cardiothorac Surg 2013; 2: 765−767. doi: 10.3978/j.issn.2225-319X.2013.10.13 [23] Holzhey DM, Shi W, Borger MA, et al. Minimally invasive versus sternotomy approach for mitral valve surgery in patients greater than 70 years old: a propensity-matched comparison. Ann Thorac Surg 2011; 91: 401−405. doi: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2010.08.006 [24] Biancari F, Schifano P, Pighi M, et al. Pooled estimates of immediate and late outcome of mitral valve surgery in octogenarians: a meta-analysis and meta-regression. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2013; 27: 213−219. doi: 10.1053/j.jvca.2012.11.007 [25] Rizzoli G, Bejko J, Bottio T, et al. Valve surgery in octogenarians: does it prolong life? Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2010; 37: 1047−1055. doi: 10.1016/j.ejcts.2009.11.043 [26] Iribarne A, Easterwood R, Russo MJ, et al. Comparative effectiveness of minimally invasive versus traditional sternotomy mitral valve surgery in elderly patients. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2012; 143: S86−S90. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2011.10.090 [27] Dvir D, Webb J. Mitral valve-in-valve and valve-in-ring: technical aspects and procedural outcomes. EuroIntervention 2016; 12: Y93−Y96. doi: 10.4244/EIJV12SYA25 [28] You T, Wang W, Yi K, et al. Transcatheter mitral valve replacement for degenerated mitral valve bioprostheses, failure of mitral valvuloplasty and native valve with severe mitral annulus calcification: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Cardiothorac Surg 2021; 16: 293. doi: 10.1186/s13019-021-01677-7 [29] Yoon SH, Whisenant BK, Bleiziffer S, et al. Outcomes of transcatheter mitral valve replacement for degenerated bioprostheses, failed annuloplasty rings, and mitral annular calcification. Eur Heart J 2019; 40: 441−451. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy590 [30] Guerrero M, Vemulapalli S, Xiang Q, et al. Thirty-day outcomes of transcatheter mitral valve replacement for degenerated mitral bioprostheses (valve-in-valve), failed surgical rings (valve-in-ring), and native valve with severe mitral annular calcification (valve-in-mitral annular calcification) in the United States: data from the Society of Thoracic Surgeons/American College of Cardiology/Transcatheter Valve Therapy Registry. Circ Cardiovasc Interv 2020; 13: e008425. doi: 10.1161/CIRCINTERVENTIONS.119.008425 [31] Simonato M, Whisenant B, Ribeiro HB, et al. Transcatheter mitral valve replacement after surgical repair or replacement: comprehensive midterm evaluation of valve-in-valve and valve-in-ring implantation from the VIVID registry. Circulation 2021; 143: 104−116. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.049088 [32] Chikwe J, Goldstone AB, Passage J, et al. A propensity score-adjusted retrospective comparison of early and mid-term results of mitral valve repair versus replacement in octogenarians. Eur Heart J 2011; 32: 618−626. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehq331 [33] Vassileva CM, McNeely C, Spertus J, et al. Hospital volume, mitral repair rates, and mortality in mitral valve surgery in the elderly: an analysis of US hospitals treating Medicare fee-for-service patients. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2015; 149: 762−768.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2014.08.084 [34] Gaur P, Kaneko T, McGurk S, et al. Mitral valve repair versus replacement in the elderly: short-term and long-term outcomes. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2014; 148: 1400−1406. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2014.01.032