Naeini Z, Toupchian O, Vatannejad A, Sotoudeh G, Teimouri M, Ghorbani M, et al. Effects of DHA-enriched fish oil on gene expression levels of p53 and NF-κB and PPAR-γ activity in PBMCs of patients with T2DM: a randomized, double-blind, clinical trial. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2020;30(3):441–7.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Abaj F, Rafiee M, Koohdani F. Interaction between CETP polymorphism and dietary insulin index and load in relation to cardiovascular risk factors in diabetic adults. Sci Rep. 2021;11(1):1–10.

Article  Google Scholar 

Xu B, Xie X. Neurotrophic factor control of satiety and body weight. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2016;17(5):282–92.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Oguntibeju OO. Type 2 diabetes mellitus, oxidative stress and inflammation: examining the links. Int J Physiol Pathophysiol Pharmacol. 2019;11(3):45.

CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Abaj F, Rafiee M, Koohdani F. Interaction between dietary total antioxidant capacity and BDNF Val66Met polymorphism on lipid profiles and atherogenic indices among diabetic patients. Sci Rep. 2021;11(1):1–19.

Article  Google Scholar 

Vidović V, Maksimović N, Novaković I, Damnjanović T, Jekić B, Vidović S, et al. Association of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor Val66Met polymorphism with body mass index, fasting glucose levels and lipid status in adolescents. Balk J Med Genet BJMG. 2020;23(1):77.

Google Scholar 

Sami W, Ansari T, Butt NS, Ab Hamid MR. Effect of diet on type 2 diabetes mellitus: a review. Int J Health Sci. 2017;11(2):65.

Google Scholar 

Chen G-C, Koh W-P, Neelakantan N, Yuan J-M, Qin L-Q, van Dam RM. Diet quality indices and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus: the Singapore Chinese health study. Am J Epidemiol. 2018;187(12):2651–61.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Guerrero MLP, Pérez-Rodríguez F, Hueda M. Diet quality indices for nutrition assessment: types and applications. Funct Food Improve Health Through Adequate Food. 2017;1:283–308.

Google Scholar 

Apgar JL, Shively CA, Tarka SM Jr. Digestibility of cocoa butter and corn oil and their influence on fatty acid distribution in rats. J Nutr. 1987;117(4):660–5.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Kadam I, Neupane S, Wei J, Fullington LA, Li T, An R, et al. A systematic review of diet quality index and obesity among Chinese adults. Nutrients. 2021;13(10):3555.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Saraf-Bank S, Haghighatdoost F, Esmaillzadeh A, Larijani B, Azadbakht L. Adherence to healthy eating index-2010 is inversely associated with metabolic syndrome and its features among Iranian adult women. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2017;71(3):425–30.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Asghari G, Mirmiran P, Rashidkhani B, Asghari-Jafarabadi M, Mehran M, Azizi F. The association between diet quality indices and obesity: Tehran lipid and glucose study. Arch Iran Med. 2012;15(10):599–605.

PubMed  Google Scholar 

Rashidipour-Fard N, Karimi M, Saraf-Bank S, Baghaei MH, Haghighatdoost F, Azadbakht L. Healthy eating index and cardiovascular risk factors among Iranian elderly individuals. ARYA Atheroscler. 2017;13(2):56.

PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Daneshzad E, Larijani B, Azadbakht L. Diet quality indices and cardiovascular diseases risk factors among diabetic women. J Sci Food Agric. 2019;99(13):5926–33.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Tudor L, Konjevod M, NikolacPerkovic M, SvobStrac D, NedicErjavec G, Uzun S, et al. Genetic variants of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor and metabolic indices in veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder. Front Psychiatry. 2018;9:637.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Toro-Martín D, Arsenault BJ, Després J-P, Vohl M-C. Precision nutrition: a review of personalized nutritional approaches for the prevention and management of metabolic syndrome. Nutrients. 2017;9(8):913.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Daily JW, Park S. Interaction of BDNF rs6265 variants and energy and protein intake in the risk for glucose intolerance and type 2 diabetes in middle-aged adults. Nutrition. 2017;33:187–94.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Rafiee M, Sotoudeh G, Djalali M, Alvandi E, Eshraghian M, Javadi F, et al. The interaction between apolipoprotein b insertion/deletion polymorphism and macronutrient intake on lipid profile and serum leptin and ghrelin levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Eur J Nutr. 2019;58(3):1055–65.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Ainsworth BE, Haskell WL, Leon AS, Jacobs DR Jr, Montoye HJ, Sallis JF, et al. Compendium of physical activities: classification of energy costs of human physical activities. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1993;25(1):71–80.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Klishadi R, Khosravi A, Famouri F, Sadeghi M, Shirani S. Assessment of physical activity of adolescents in Isfahan. J Shahrekord Univ Med Sci. 2001;3(2):55–66.

Google Scholar 

Esmaillzadeh A, Mirmiran P, Azizi F. Whole-grain consumption and the metabolic syndrome: a favorable association in Tehranian adults. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2005;59(3):353–62.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Krebs-Smith SM, Pannucci TE, Subar AF, Kirkpatrick SI, Lerman JL, Tooze JA, et al. Update of the healthy eating index: HEI-2015. J Acad Nutr Diet. 2018;118(9):1591–602.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Kim S, Haines PS, Siega-Riz AM, Popkin BM. The diet quality index-international (DQI-I) provides an effective tool for cross-national comparison of diet quality as illustrated by China and the United States. J Nutr. 2003;133(11):3476–84.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

McCarty MF. Proposal for a dietary “phytochemical index.” Med Hypotheses. 2004;63(5):813–7.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Borén J, Lee I, Zhu W, Arnold K, Taylor S, Innerarity TL. Identification of the low density lipoprotein receptor-binding site in apolipoprotein B100 and the modulation of its binding activity by the carboxyl terminus in familial defective apo-B100. J Clin Investig. 1998;101(5):1084–93.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Zamani E, Sadrzadeh-Yeganeh H, Sotoudeh G, Keramat L, Eshraghian M, Rafiee M, et al. The interaction between ApoA2−265T> C polymorphism and dietary fatty acids intake on oxidative stress in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Eur J Nutr. 2017;56(5):1931–8.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Miller S, Dykes D, Polesky H. A simple salting out procedure for extracting DNA from human nucleated cells. Nucleic Acids Res. 1988;16(3):1215.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Tande DL, Magel R, Strand BN. Healthy eating index and abdominal obesity. Public Health Nutr. 2010;13(2):208–14.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

De Koning L, Chiuve SE, Fung TT, Willett WC, Rimm EB, Hu FB. Diet-quality scores and the risk of type 2 diabetes in men. Diabetes Care. 2011;34(5):1150–6.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Quatromoni PA, Pencina M, Cobain MR, Jacques PF, D’agostino RB. Dietary quality predicts adult weight gain: findings from the Framingham offspring study. Obesity. 2006;14(8):1383–91.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Monfort-Pires M, Folchetti LD, Previdelli AN, Siqueira-Catania A, de Barros CR, Ferreira SRG. Healthy eating index is associated with certain markers of inflammation and insulin resistance but not with lipid profile in individuals at cardiometabolic risk. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2014;39(4):497–502.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Osadnik K, Osadnik T, Lonnie M, Lejawa M, Reguła R, Fronczek M, et al. Metabolically healthy obese and metabolic syndrome of the lean: the importance of diet quality. Analysis of MAGNETIC cohort. Nutr J. 2020;19(1):1–13.

Article  Google Scholar 

Sacks FM, Obarzanek E, Windhauser MM, Svetkey LP, Vollmer WM, McCullough M, et al. Rationale and design of the dietary approaches to stop hypertension trial (DASH): a multicenter controlled-feeding study of dietary patterns to lower blood pressure. Ann Epidemiol. 1995;5(2):108–18.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Drewnowski A, Fiddler EC, Dauchet L, Galan P, Hercberg S. Diet quality measures and cardiovascular risk factors in France: applying the healthy eating index to the SU. VI. MAX study. J Am Coll Nutr. 2009;28(1):22–9.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

McCullough ML, Willett WC. Evaluating adherence to recommended diets in adults: the alternate healthy eating index. Public Health Nutr. 2006;9(1a):152–7.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Hooper L, Abdelhamid A, Moore HJ, Douthwaite W, Skeaff CM, Summerbell CD. Effect of reducing total fat intake on body weight: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials and cohort studies. BMJ. 2012;345:e7666.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Chen IS, Subramaniam S, Vahouny GV, Cassidy MM, Ikeda I, Kritchevsky D. A comparison of the digestion and absorption of cocoa butter and palm kernel oil and their effects on cholesterol absorption in rats. J Nutr. 1989;119(11):1569–73.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Leyton J, Drury P, Crawford M. Differential oxidation of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids in vivo in the rat. Br J Nutr. 1987;57(3):383–93.