Use of food retailers in the Netherlands can be categorized into 5 clusters.

Participants in clusters varied by socio-demographics and diet quality.

Mostly, food retail use further from home was more common than in neighbourhoods.

Findings highlight the need to incorporate food shopping patterns into research.

The aim of this study is to describe how individuals use different food retailers and how food retail usage varies according to socio-demographic and diet-related characteristics. A cross-sectional survey among Dutch adults (N = 1784) was used. Results from the Two-step cluster analysis indicated that there were five clusters of food retail users. Use of discount supermarkets, organic supermarkets, fast-food outlets, and restaurants contributed to clustering, but use of regular supermarkets, local food shops and whether food retailers were close to home or further from home did not. The clusters included mixed food outlet users, discount supermarket and restaurant users, fast-food and restaurant users, predominant discount supermarket users and supermarkets, fast-food and restaurant users. Participants in each cluster had their own characteristics especially in terms of socio-economic position and diet quality. Future studies need to consider further how food retail selection links physical exposure to the food environment and diet.

Food supply

Dietary behaviors

Food environment

Exposure to food outlets

Residential environment

Socio-economic position

Dutch Healthy Diet 2015 index

Bayesian Information Criterion

Dutch National Food Consumption Survey

© 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.