Available online 8 April 2023, 101476

Author links open overlay panel, , , , AbstractBackground

Recent work has shown that individuals with chronic health conditions and disabilities (CCD) meet the 24-hr movement guidelines at lower rates than population norms; however, the evidence base remains limited across different stages of the lifespan and very few studies have examined associations with mental health outcomes.

Objective

This study examined 24-hour movement guideline adherence among emerging adults with CCD compared to those without and associations between guideline adherence and indicators of mental health.

Methods

This cross-sectional study used data from the 2020 cycle of the Canadian Campus Wellbeing Survey. A total of 17,874 emerging adults enrolled at 20 post-secondary institutions (Mean age=21.6±2.94 years; 65.2% female), including 3,336 who identified with a CCD, self-reported their movement behaviors (physical activity, sedentary behaviors, sleep) and completed measures of psychological distress and mental wellbeing. Logistic regressions models were computed to examine differences in guideline adherence. Propensity score weighted linear regression models were computed to examine associations between guideline adherence and indicators of mental health.

Results

Emerging adults with CCD had significantly lower odds of meeting the 24-hr movement guidelines compared to their peers, and disparities in guideline adherence were most pronounced among those with multimorbidity, developmental and physical disabilities. Guideline adherence was associated with significantly more favorable scores for psychological distress and mental wellbeing among those with and without CCD.

Conclusions

Findings suggest emerging adults with CCD engage in less healthy movement behavior patterns than their peers, yet they appear to experience similar mental health benefits when they do meet the 24-hr movement guidelines.

Section snippetsFunding

This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.

CRediT Author Statement

Conceptualization (DB, PM), Methodology (DB, PM, BT), Formal analysis (DB), Data curation (DB), Writing – original draft (DB, CP, PM, MK, BT), Supervision (DB)

Data Source and Study Design

The present study was a pre-registered secondary analysis of data from the first deployment of the Canadian Campus Wellbeing Survey (CCWS). The CCWS was specifically developed as a surveillance system to help monitor the health and well-being of Canadian post-secondary students over time. The first cycle of the CCWS included 20 post-secondary institutions (PSI) consisting of 8 universities and 12 colleges or technical institutes. Each PSI selected their desired student sampling strategy based

Objective 1

Emerging adults with CCD were 18% less likely to meet all three movement guidelines concurrently than peers without CCD (Table 2). Specifically, those with a CCD had significantly lower odds of meeting the sleep (12% lower), physical activity (6%), and sedentary behavior (13% lower) guidelines.

Objective 2

Decomposing the CCD group into subgroups based on condition/disability type to further examine differences in 24-hr movement guidelines revealed additional important insights. The odds of meeting the

Discussion

The results from the present study showed that when grouped together, emerging adults with various CCD met the guidelines for sleep, physical activity, and sedentary behavior as well as all three guidelines concurrently at lower rates than their peers. This study also contributes to the literature demonstrating links between 24-hr movement guideline adherence and mental health outcomes. Specifically, individual and concurrent guideline adherence were all associated with significantly lower

Conclusion

In conclusion, we found that emerging adults with CCD attending post-secondary education meet the guidelines for sleep, physical activity, and sedentary behavior as well as all three guidelines concurrently at lower rates than their peers. Our findings also suggest there are beneficial associations between 24-hr movement guideline adherence and indicators of mental health, which appear to be consistent among emerging adults with and without CCD. Collectively, these results will help to inform

Uncited References

26.

Conflicts of interest

None to declare

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