aBeijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Laboratory

bDepartment of Ophthalmology, Peking University Third Hospital

cSchool of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing

dHefei Innovation Research Institute, Beihang University, Hefei

eEye Center, the 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou

fDepartment of Physical Examination, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China

gDepartment of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim

hPrivatpraxis Prof Jonas und Dr Panda-Jonas, Heidelberg, Germany

iInstitute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology, Basel, Switzerland

Correspondence to Dr Jicong Zhang, Beihang University, 37 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, P.R. China, 100191. Tel: +86 10 82317114; e-mail: [email protected]

Abbreviations: AUROC, receiver operator characteristic curve; CI, confidence interval; CRAE, central retinal artery equivalent; CRVE, central retinal vein equivalent; CKD, chronic kidney disease; CVD, cardiovascular diseases; ROC, receiver operator characteristic curves; VC-Net, vessel-constraint network

Received 29 September, 2022

Revised 7 January, 2023

Accepted 30 January, 2023

Supplemental digital content is available for this article. Direct URL citations appear in the printed text and are provided in the HTML and PDF versions of this article on the journal's Website (http://www.jhypertension.com).