Disclosure of potential conflict of interest: C.M.D., R.H.H., S.W., C.H.L., M.A.F., S.O.Z., J.A.H., L.H. A.R.A., M.A., D.H. declare that they have no relevant conflicts of interest. J.E.M.U. reports grants/research support from DBV Technologies, Regeneron, CIHR, ALK-Abelló, SickKids Food Allergy and Anaphylaxis Program, Advisory board for Pfizer, Kaleo, Bausch Health, Food Allergy Canada; in-kind drug donation from Novartis, other for Astra-Zeneca, all outside the current work. T.E. reports to act as local PI for company sponsored trials by DBV Therapeutics, Greer Stallergens, and sub-investigator for Regeneron and ALK-Abelló. He is Co-Investigator or scientific lead in three investigator-initiated oral immunotherapy trials supported by the SickKids Food Allergy and Anaphylaxis Program and serves as an associate editor for Allergy. He/his lab received unconditional/in-kind contributions from Macro Array Diagnostics and an unrestricted grant from ALK-Abelló. He holds advisory board roles for ALK-Abelló, VAMED, Nutricia/Danone and Aimmune. T.E. reports lecture fees from Novartis, ThermoFisher, Nutricia/Danone, Aimmune, ALK-Abelló.