Provides knowledge of the usefulness of Penthrox® applied in Swedish ambulance care.

Penthrox® was generally considered a safe and effective analgesic.

Ambulance nurses had varying experiences of usefulness and effectiveness.

The perception of a strong odor was described as especially problematic.

Increased knowledge of Penthrox® could increase the overall usefulness.

© 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.