Available online 27 March 2023

Cytokine storm syndromes (CSS) represent a diverse group of disorders characterized by severe overactivation of the immune system. In the majority of patients, CSS arise from a combination of host factors, including genetic risk and predisposing conditions, and acute triggers such as infections. CSS present differently in adults then in children, who are more likely to present with monogenic forms of these disorders. Individual CSS are rare, but in aggregate represent an important cause of severe illness in both children and adults. We present three rare, illustrative cases of CSS in pediatric patients that describe the spectrum of CSS.

© 2023 Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology