Available online 25 March 2023, 103617

Author links open overlay panel, , ABSTRACTBackground

The retention of cardiopulmonary resuscitation skills among healthcare providers is critical to ensure the delivery of effective treatment to patients who experience cardiac arrest. However, the factors influencing cardiopulmonary resuscitation skills retention among healthcare providers have yet to be well studied.

Objective

This scoping review aimed to map the factors influencing cardiopulmonary resuscitation skills retention among healthcare providers.

Methods

A literature search was conducted using the Web of Sciences, Scopus, Cochrane, Google Scholar and PubMed electronic databases. The inclusion criteria were original publications published during the last five years (2018 – 2022), availability of full texts in English and evidence of the retention of pertinent cardiopulmonary resuscitation in terms of knowledge and abilities.

Results

Three cross-sectional studies, two prospective studies, one each of prospective descriptive-analytical study, randomised controlled trial, intervention and prospective interventional study, prospective pre-post study, retrospective study, cluster randomised control trial and randomised education trial study comprise the 14 publications including in this study. The thematic analysis identified four major themes that influence the retention of cardiopulmonary resuscitation skills: experience, training type, training frequency and other factors. The final theme identified infrastructure access, evidence-based practice review meetings and healthcare providers' educational background.

Conclusion

To retain skills in cardiopulmonary resuscitation, healthcare providers must be regularly updated and trained on the latest cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidelines.

Section snippetsINTRODUCTION

Cardiac arrest occurs when the heart stops unexpectedly, resulting in unconsciousness in the victim. Ultimately, the victim will die if not treated immediately (Goyal et al., 2022). Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and the application of automated external defibrillation (AED) could reverse cardiac arrest (Patel & Hipskind, 2022). The concept of ‘chain of survival’ was introduced globally to perform effective CPR, which consists of activating emergency response service, performing

METHOD

This study followed the Arksey & O'Malley (2005) and PRISMA extension guidelines for scoping reviews (Arksey and O’Malley, 2005, Tricco et al., 2018). These two standards are implemented because providing a systematic process and detailed reporting for a scoping review is essential. This study has no risk of bias since it does not apply to scoping reviews (Tricco et al., 2018).

RESULTS

The pre-screening procedure identified 157 publications with 14 articles that met this study’s inclusion criterion. One article was published in 2018, three in 2019, three in 2020 and seven in 2021. The articles originated from several continents: five are from Africa, three from the Americas and six from Europe.

Various instrument used in the previous study includes questionnaires (n = 4), questionnaires with skills assessment checklist (n = 4), systematic search (n = 1), multiple-choice

DISCUSSION

This scoping review aimed to map the factors influencing CPR skill retention among healthcare providers. Retention of CPR skills is critical to ensure the delivery of effective treatment to patients who experience cardiac arrest. Four factors that influence skill retention to emerge from the scoping review: experience factors, training frequency, type of training and others. In addition, other factors such as clinical case review, education level and updated equipment also play a role in skill

CONCLUSION

The scoping review shows that the factors influencing CPR skills retention among healthcare providers include experience, type of training, frequency of training and other factors such as equipment and facilities, clinical case reviews and educational level among healthcare providers. Therefore, the authorities should consider these factors to develop better training programs to enhance CPR skills retention and deliver high-quality CPR to needy patients. We are optimistic that more researchers

Funding source

Universiti Teknologi MARA’s Geran Insentif Penyeliaan (GIP) (600-RMC/GIP 5/3 (108/2022).

Declaration of Competing Interest

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Acknowledgement

We would like to acknowledge the Universiti Teknologi MARA for the Geran Insentif Penyeliaan (GIP) (600-RMC/GIP 5/3 (108/2022) for financial support throughout this study.

Conflict of interest

There is no conflict of interest when conducting this scoping review.

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