Reciprocal regulatory balance within the CLEC16A–RNF41 mitophagy complex depends on an intrinsically disordered protein region

Journal of Biological ChemistryJournal of Biological ChemistryVolume 299, Issue 4, April 2023, 103057Journal home page for Journal of Biological ChemistryAuthor links open overlay panel, , , , , , , , , ,

CLEC16A is an E3 ubiquitin ligase that regulates mitochondrial quality control through mitophagy and is associated with over 20 human diseases. CLEC16A forms a complex with another E3 ligase, RNF41, and a ubiquitin-specific peptidase, USP8; however, regions that regulate CLEC16A activity or the assembly of the tripartite mitophagy regulatory complex are unknown. Here, we report that CLEC16A contains an internal intrinsically disordered protein region (IDPR) that is crucial for CLEC16A function and turnover. IDPRs lack a fixed secondary structure and possess emerging yet still equivocal roles in protein stability, interactions, and enzymatic activity. We find that the internal IDPR of CLEC16A is crucial for its degradation. CLEC16A turnover was promoted by RNF41, which binds and acts upon the internal IDPR to destabilize CLEC16A. Loss of this internal IDPR also destabilized the ubiquitin-dependent tripartite CLEC16A–RNF41–USP8 complex. Finally, the presence of an internal IDPR within CLEC16A was confirmed using NMR and CD spectroscopy. Together, our studies reveal that an IDPR is essential to control the reciprocal regulatory balance between CLEC16A and RNF41, which could be targeted to improve mitochondrial health in disease.

Keywords

mitophagy

IDPR

ubiquitylation

protein complex

degradation

mitochondria

AbbreviationsIDPR

intrinsically disordered protein region

© 2023 THE AUTHORS. Published by Elsevier Inc on behalf of American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.

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